Physics- waves

Question 1

What type of wave are sound waves? (in air)

Answer 1

Longitudinal

Question 2

What type of waves are waves in water?

Answer 2

Transverse

Question 3

What type of waves are Electromagnetic waves?

Answer 3

transerve

Question 4

What type of waves are p waves?

Answer 4

longitudinal

Question 5

What type of waves are s waves?

Answer 5

transverse

Question 6

What is the frequency of a wave?

Answer 6

The number of waves passing a point every second

Question 7

What is the amplitude of a wave?

Answer 7

the maximum distance of a point on a wave away from its undisturbed position

Question 8

What is the wavelength of a wave?

Answer 8

the distance from a point on one wave to the equivalent point on the adjacent wave

Question 9

Can transverse waves travel through liquids?

Answer 9

no

Question 10

Can longitudinal waves travel through liquids?

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

What are the properties of P waves?

Answer 11

longitudinal, travels through solids and liquids, fastet

Question 12

What are the properties of S waves?

Answer 12

transverse, solids only, slower

Question 13

If a wave slows down in a new medium, how will its direction change?

Answer 13

it will bend towards the normal

Question 14

If a wave slowls down in a new medium, how will its direction change?

Answer 14

towards the normal

Question 15

What do lenses do, and what are the two types of lenses?

Answer 15

They use refraction to bend light rays to form an image. There are two types: concave and convex

Question 16

What do convex lenses do?

Answer 16

Causes light travelling parallel to the axis to converge at the principal focus

Question 17

What dies the speed in which light travels through a medium depend on?

Answer 17

Optical density

Question 18

Is a mirror’s image virtual or real?

Answer 18

virtual

Question 19

What is the difference between diffuse and specular reflection?

Answer 19

Specular -light rays reflecting off a smooth, shiny object. Diffuse- an irregular surface scatters the light (still reflection!)

Question 20

Would you use the words “diffuse” and “specular” to describe reflection or refraction?

Answer 20

reflection

Question 21

In which order do earthquake waves arrive?

Answer 21

p waves -> s waves -> surface waves

Question 22

What is infrasound?

Answer 22

sound with a frequency lower than 20

Question 23

What is ultrasound?

Answer 23

sound with a frquency higher than 20,000

Question 24

What is frequency measured in?

Answer 24

Hz (hertz)

Question 25

How do humans hear sound? (5 steps)

Answer 25

1. sound waves collected by outer ear 2. waves travel along the auditory canal 3. waves reach eardrum, which vibrates 4. ossicles, amplify vibrations 5. cochlea turns them into electrical signals, which are sent along the auditory nerve to the brain the different parts of the ear can only vibrate at certain frequencies due to their shape, size and structure

Question 26

list some uses of ultrasound

Answer 26

sonar foetal scanning cleaning medical treatment/diagnosis

Question 27

How does echolocation work? (3 steps)

Answer 27

1. animal emits ultrasound 2. reflects off object 3.animal recieves echo, they calculate distance to prey/object/etc from the time delay (VERY IMPORTANT YOU MENTION THE TIME DELAY)

Question 28

How do you calculate uncertainty?

Answer 28

1/2 X range

Question 29

How do you present the final results of an investigation?

Answer 29

mean +/- uncertainty

Question 30

How do you improve the speed of sound experiment (the playground one, at least)

Answer 30

Increase distance- walk further, use echo

Question 31

What are mechanical waves?

Answer 31

waves that require a medium to propagate

Question 32

What can gamma rays be used for?

Answer 32

medical tracing, radiotherapy, sterilisation

Question 33

how does radiotherapy work?

Answer 33

high doses of radiation kill cells so gamma rays are targeted at cancerous cells taking care to avoid healthy ones. Done by using low amounts of gamma rays in different directions so only the cancerous cells get a lethal dose

Question 34

how do medical tracers work?

Answer 34

a radioactive gamma emitting isotope is ingested and gamma rays are detected to see where the isotope travelled to