~~~ W11 QUIZ Flashcards
drugs commonly introduced into the body by smoking, snorting (inhaling the powder), eating, “skin popping,” or “mainlining,”
A)
B) morphine and heroin
C)
D)
B) morphine and heroin
Among the immediate effects of mainlined or
snorted heroin is an intense feeling of euphoria (the rush) lasting
A) 60 seconds
B) 10 hour
C)
D)
A) 60 seconds
drugs in which pleasant feelings of relaxation and euphoria tend to dominate
A) marijuana and hash
B) morphine and heroin
C) meth and cocaine
D) opium and LSD
B) morphine and heroin
The use of opiates over a period of time generally
generally results in
A) withdrawal
B) dependence
C) physiological craving
D) happiness
C) physiological craving
t has been estimated that continual use over a period of _____ is sufficient for opiate habit
A) 30 days
B) 1 week
C) 2 months
D) 1 use
A) 30 days
When people addicted to opiates do not get another
dose of the drug within approximately ________ of their last dose, they start to experience withdrawal symptoms.
A) 8 hours
B) 1 hour
C) 20 minutes
D) 1 day
A) 8 hours
The human body produces its own opium-like substances, called _______- , in the central nervous system and pituitary gland.
A) synthetic opioids
B) endorphins
C) antipsychotics
D) anxiolytics
B) endorphins
The dopamine theory of addiction suggests that
A) only environmental factors contribute to addiction
B) individuals who have genetic deviations in components of the reward pathway
C) dopamine has no role in addiction
D) addiction is the result of a dysfunction of the dopamine reward pathway
D) addiction is the result of a dysfunction of the dopamine reward pathway
The reward deficiency syndrome hypothesis suggests that addiction is more likely in
A) only environmental factors contribute to addiction
B) individuals who have genetic deviations in components of the reward pathway
C) dopamine has no role in addiction
D) addiction is the result of a dysfunction of the dopamine reward pathway
B) individuals who have genetic deviations in components of the reward pathway
if the reward deficiency syndrome hypothesis suggests that addiction is more likely in individuals who have genetic deviations in components of the reward pathway, then this would suggest that individuals
A) would be more satisfied by relationship rewards
B) would be less satisfied by thrill seeking rewards rewards
C) would be more satisfied by natural rewards
D) would be less satisfied by natural rewards
D) would be less satisfied by natural rewards
although dopaminergic pathways play a primary role in the “wanting” or anticipation of reward, it is the _______ that seems to play a primary role in the “liking” or consumption of rewarding stimuli
A) dopamine system
B) opioid system
C) meth system
D) barbiturate system
B) opioid system
Cocaine has its primary effect by block-ing the presynaptic dopamine transporter thus
A) enhancing the breakdown of dopamine in the synapse
B) increasing the availability of dopamine in the synapse and increasing the activation of the receiving cells
C) having no impact on the dopamine levels in the synapse
D) causing the degradation of dopamine receptors in the receiving cells
B) increasing the availability of dopamine in the synapse and increasing the activation of the receiving cells.
The increase of dopamine activity in the ________ is believed to be especially important in cocaine addiction because specific parts of this brain region have been suggested to be “hedonic hot spots” that have been consistently associated with the experience of reward and pleasure
A) hippocampus
B) amygdala
C) nucleus accumbens
D) brain stem
C) nucleus accumbens
what can occur with cocaine abuse
A) short-term memory dysfunction
B) acute toxic psychotic symptoms
C) decreased cognitive function
D) heightened emotional instability
B) acute toxic psychotic symptoms
what sort of tolerance can people develop with cocaine use
A) No tolerance development with cocaine use
B) Acute and chronic tolerance
C) Only chronic tolerance development
D) Rapid tolerance without gradual adjustments
B) acute and chronic tolerance
Amphetamines are psy-chologically and physically addictive, and the body rap-idly builds up tolerance to them
what is one one of the most dangerous illegal drugs
A) marijuana
B) hallucinogens
C) opioids
D) meth
D) meth
drug is relatively cheap to make and is sometimes referred to as “poor people’s cocaine.
A) marijuana
B) hallucinogens
C) opioids
D) meth
D) meth
DSM-5 includes addition to two legally available and widely used substance, what are they
A) marijuana
B) hallucinogens
C) opioids & meth
D) caffeine and nicotine
D) caffeine and nicotine
a substance disorder involveing symptoms of restlessness, nervousness, excite-ment, insomnia, muscle twitching, and gastrointestinal complaints.
A) meth
B) alcohol
C) cannabis
D) caffeine
D) caffeine
“tobacco withdrawal disorder,” as it is called in
DSM-5, results from
A)
B) ceasing or reducing the intake of nico-tine-containing substances after dependence has developed
C)
D)
B) ceasing or reducing the intake of nico-tine-containing substances after dependence has developed
excessive doses of this drug are lethal because they result in paralysis of the brain’s respiratory center
A) Cannabis
B) Barbiturates
C) Amphetamines
D) Heroin
B) Barbiturates
. Unlike tolerance for opiates, tolerance for barbiturates
A) needs the amount to increase to cause death
B) does not increase the amount needed to cause death
C) Remains constant with prolonged use
D) Results in a decrease in the amount needed to cause death over time
B) does not increase the amount needed to cause death
the individuals who do become dependent on barbiturates tend to be
A) early adults
B) adolescents and young people
C) old age
D) middle aged an older
D) middle aged an older
The most potent of the hallucinogens, the odorless, color-less, and tasteless drug ______ , can produce intoxication with an amount smaller than a grain of salt.
A) meth
C) LSD
C) alcohol
D) opiate
C) LSD
After taking LSD, a person typically goes through
about _______ of changes in sensory perception, mood swings, and feelings of depersonalization and detachment.
A) 1 month
B) 8 hours
C) 2 days
D) 1 hour
B) 8 hours
interesting and unusual phenomenon that may
occur sometime following the use of LSD is the _____
A) heightened hearing
B) hallucination
C) hallucination
D) flashback
D) flashback
a drug that is both a hallucinogen and a stimulant
A) codeine
B) meth
C) ecstasy
D) alcohol
C) ecstasy
which of the following is NOT considered a hallucinogen
A) Marijuana
B) mescaline
C) MDMA
D) meth
D) meth
substances that mimic the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active plant-derived substance in marijuana, and activate the human endocannabinoid system
A) fairy lights
B) Synthetic cannabinoids
C) Synthetic cathinones
D) methadone
B) Synthetic cannabinoids
substances that mimic the effects of amphetamines and cocaine by activating the body’s monoamine system
A) fairy lights
B) Synthetic cannabinoids
C) Synthetic cathinones
D) methadone
C) Synthetic cathinones
for a diagnosis of gambling disorder, Persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior lead-ing to clinically significant impairment or distress for
A)
B)
C)
D) 12-month period
D) 12-month period
There is a high comorbidity between pathological gambling and
A)
B)
C)
D) alcohol use disorders
D) alcohol use disorders
what appears to be important in the development of gambling problems
A)
B) cultural factors
C)
D)
B) cultural factors
what is an important view of pathological gambling
A) it is solely determined by genetic factors
B) it is an innate and unchangeable trait
C) it is a transient and situational behavior
D) it is a learned behaviour highly resistant to extinction
D) it is a learned behaviour highly resistant to extinction
It is widely believed that _______ play some role in susceptibility to alcohol abuse problems through such biological avenues as metabolic rates and sensi-tivity to alcohol
A) genetic factors
B) learned behaviour
C)
D)
A) genetic factors
what factors apparently play an important role in the development and expression of addictive disorders
A)
B)
C) sociocultural
D) personality factors
D) personality factors
_______ factors such as attitudes toward alco-hol may predispose individuals to alcohol-related disorders.
A)
B)
C) sociocultural
D) personality factors
C) sociocultural
a synthetic narcotic that is often used to treat heroin addiction; it is similarly addictive, but does not produce the same euphoria or impairments.
A) fairy lights
B) Synthetic cannabinoids
C) Synthetic cathinones
D) methadone
D) methadone
Like opiates, sedatives also depress, or slow down, the activity of the central nervous system. A major difference is that they
A) increase euphoria
B) are sedatives
C) are hallucinogenic
D) are hyperactive
B) are sedatives
generally involves an excessive use of a substance resulting in (1) potentially hazardous behavior such as driving while intoxicated or (2) con-tinued use despite a persistent social, psychological, occupational, or health problem
A) withdrawal
B) tolerance
C) substance dependence
D) substance abuse
D) substance abuse
includes more severe forms of substance use disorders and usually involves a marked physiological need for increasing amounts of a sub-stance to achieve the desired effects.
A) withdrawal
B) tolerance
C) substance dependence
D) substance abuse
C) substance dependence
withdrawal syndrome, whereby cessation of substance use leads to adverse psychological and physiological symptoms.
A) Tolerance
B) Physical dependence
C) Psychological dependence
D) Withdrawl
B) Physical dependence
observable behaviour of frequently using drugs—reinforcement is thought to play a role.
A) Tolerance
B) Physical dependence
C) Psychological dependence
D) Withdrawal
C) Psychological dependence
