OVERVIEW & RESEARCH APPROACHES Flashcards
The australian Bureau of statistics presented an overview of mental health between 2004-2005 and found that the prevalence of psychological conditions in australian was 13% of the burden of disease being due to a psychological condition and _______ respondents having suffered a psychological illness
A) one in ten
B) one in five
C) one in twenty
D) one in fifteen
B) one in five
how many disorders are classified in the DSM-5?
A) over 60
B) over 100
C) over 200
D) over 400
D) over 400
the DSM-5 is used to provide a consistent and coherent _______ system allowing us to delineate meaningful subvarieties of maladaptive behavior
A) coding
B) classification
C) subcategories
D) categorical
B) classification
traditionally, mental disorders were treated as diseases caused primarily by what?
A) sociocultural factors
B) psychosocial factors
C) cultural factors
D) biological factors
D) biological factors
_____ theories place significant importance on brain pathology in psychological disorders
A) psychosocial
B) biological
C) sociocultural
D) biopsychosocial
B) biological
these theories consider mental disorders as diseases
A) psychosocial
B) biological
C) sociocultural
D) biopsychosocial
B) biological
more recently, exploration in this area has focused on genetics, structural brain abnormalities and chemical imbalances
A) psychosocial
B) biological
C) sociocultural
D) biopsychosocial
B) biological
what is NOT considered a category of biological factors relating to development of maladaptive behaviour?
A) neurotransmitter and hormonal imbalances
B) temperament/ constitutional liabilities
C) physical deprivation/disruption
D) early deprivation or trauma
D) early deprivation or trauma
_______ theories are one of the main psychosocial viewpoints
A) psychosocial
B) psychodynamic
C) sociocultural
D) biopsychosocial
B) psychodynamic
these theories argue that behavior, thoughts and feelings are influenced by unconscious processes
A) sociocultural
B) psychosocial
C) biological
D) biopsychosocial
B) psychosocial
more recent psychoanalytical theories focus on the development of the self concept in the context of ______ relationships
A) individual
B) intrapersonal
C) cultural
D) interpersonal
D) interpersonal
Psychosocial factors are developmental influences that can handicap a person psychologically. Psychosocial causal factors that have been studied include which of the following?
A) early deprivation or trauma
B) inadequate parenting style
C) marital discord and divorce
D) maladaptive peer relationships.
A, B, C and D
these theories consider the social environment as a source of vulnerability or resistance to mental disorders
A) sociocultural
B) biopsychosocial
C) biological
D) psychosocial
A) sociocultural
what is a causal factor NOT considered in sociocultural theories?
A) unemployment
B) being subjected to prejudice and discrimination
C) maladaptive peer relationships
D) social change and uncertainty
C) maladaptive peer relationships
along with the DSM-5, the World Health Organisation produces a similar document for the psychiatric classification systems used, what is this document called?
A) international classification of mental disorders
B) international classification of illness
C) international classification of behaviour
D) international classification of diseases
D) international classification of diseases
while the DSM-5 and the ICD-11 (international classification of diseases) has much in common, what is NOT one significant difference between the two?
A) ICD-11 code numbers
B) Similar disorders have different names
C) ICD-11 is used in hospital settings
D) DSM-5 is only used as a psychiatric classification system
D) DSM-5 is only used as a psychiatric classification system
within what classification system is a a mental disorder defined as a “syn-drome that is present in an individual and that involves clinically significant disturbance in behavior, emotion regulation, or cognitive functioning”
A) ICD- 12
B) DSM-3
C) ICD-11
D) DSM-5
D) DSM-5
what are excluded from the DSM-5
A) predictable or culturally rejected responses to common stressors or losses
B) predictable or culturally approved responses to common stressors or losses
C) mental disorders are usually associated with significant distress or disability
D) disturbances are thought to reflect a dysfunction in biological, psychological, or develop-mental processes that are necessary for mental functioning
B) predictable or culturally approved responses to common stressors or losses
defining abnormality is contentious and difficult, simple reason for why we do it is that most sciences rely on ________
A) classification
B) structure
C) information
D) definitions
A) classification
At the most fundamental level, classification systems provide us with/a _______ (a naming system).
A) classification
B) nomenclature
C) information
D) definitions
B) nomenclature
what are NOT an advantage of classification systems?
A) provides a common language and shorthand term for complex clinical conditions
B) enable us to structure information in a more helpful manner
C) leads to a loss of information
D) classification facilitates research
C) leads to a loss of information
what is a disadvantage that occurs when we simplify through classification?
A) enable us to structure information
B) lose an array of personal details about the actual person who has the disorder.
C) provides a common set of terms to describe specific clinical conditions
D) stigma
B) lose an array of personal details about the actual person who has the disorder.
Stigma is a deterrent to seeking treatment for mental health problems. This is especially true for who?
A) young people
B) men
C) ethnic minorities
D) women
A) young people
B) men
C) ethnic minorities
Stigma is a disproportionately greater deterrent to treatment seeking for two other groups:
A) military personnel
B) doctors
C) mental health professionals.
D) women
A) military personnel
C) mental health professionals.
automatic beliefs concerning other people that we unavoidably learn as a result of growing up in a particular culture (e.g., people who wear glasses are more intelligent; New Yorkers are rude)
A) stereotyping
B) prejudice
C) stigma
D) bias
A) sterotyping
_______ is reflected in the comment “People like you don’t go back to work”
A) stereotyping
B) prejudice
C) stigma
D) bias
A) stereotyping
the study of the distribution of diseases, disorders, or health-related behaviors in a given population
A) pathology
B) psychopathology
C) psychiatry
D) epidemiology
D) epidemiology
A key component of an epidemiological survey is
A) determining the frequencies of mental disorders.
B) determining the impact of mental disorders
C) determining the estimated proportion of actual, active cases of a disorder in a given population
D)
A) determining the frequencies of mental disorders.
the number of active cases in a population during any given period of time; typically expressed as percentages
A) point prevalence
B) prevalence
C) lifetime prevalence
D) 1-year prevalence
B) prevalence
if we were to conduct a study and count the number of people who have major depressive disorder (i.e., clinical depression) on January 1 of next year, this would provide us with a point prevalence estimate of active cases of depression.
A person who experienced depression during the months of November and December but who managed to recover by January 1 would
A) be included in a point prevalence calculation
B) would only be included if they had depression prior to November
C) would not be included if they had depression prior to November
D) not be included in a point prevalence calculation
D) not be included in a point prevalence calculation
