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Abnormal Psychology > ~~~ personality disorders QUIZ > Flashcards

~~~ personality disorders QUIZ Flashcards

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1
Q

There is a general agreement among researchers that personality:

a. is mainly learned
b. can be characterized by five basic trait dimensions
c. has an infinite number of possible traits
d. is mainly genetic

A

b. can be characterized by five basic trait dimensions.

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2
Q

Individuals with personality disorders

a. comply with societal expectations
b. reject societal expectations
c. are unable to perform some roles expected by society
d. have a strong sense of self

A

c. are unable to function adequately in society.

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3
Q

personality disorders were once known as:

a. character disorders
b. identity disorders
c. conduct disorders
d. maladaptive behavioral patterns

A

a. character disorders

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4
Q

unlike disorders like depression and PTSD,

a. personality disorders develop gradually
b. multiple causal events can be identified when a personality disorder has developed
c. those with personality disorders experience considerable subjective distress
d. personality disorders are emotional disorders

A

a. personality disorders develop gradually.

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5
Q

which statement about personality disorders is accurate

a. the category is broad and encompasses behavioral problems that vary widely in form and severity
b. the personality disorders are considered situation-specific problems in behaving
c. most of the personality disorders are extreme reactions to stressful life events
d. even the milder cases of personality disorders produce severe impariments in social and occupational functioning

A

a. the category is broad and encompasses behavioral problems that vary widely in form and severity

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6
Q

because they were regarded as being different from standard psychiatric syndromes, the personality disorders in the DSM-IV were

a. not listed
b. categorized as emotional disorders
c. separated from mood disorders
d. given what is called a “provisional” category

A

c. separated from mood disorders

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7
Q

The behavioral patterns of individuals with personality disorders

a. tend to fluctuate over time
b. tend to normalize with experience as an individual matures
c. are thought to be relatively consistent over time, with little adaptations to new kinds of experiences
d. are remarkable in their tendency to shift dramatically from one kind of disorder to another

A

c. are thought to be relatively consistent over time, with little adaptations to new kinds of experiences

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8
Q

According to the DSM-5, which of the following must be true for a personality disorder diagnosis?

a. the patient’s behavior must reflect a lack of impulse control
b. the patient must experience mild irritability
c. signs of psychosis must be present
d. the person’s behavior problems must cause them distress or impairment.

A

d. the person’s behavior problems must cause them distress or impairment

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9
Q

Misdiagnoses are common when looking at potential personality disorders because:

a. the diagnostic criteria are objective
b. many of the personality disorders share common features.
c. most of those in treatment for personality disorders are heavily medicated
d. it is usually not possible to determine when the problematic behavior began

A

b. many of the personality disorders share common features

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10
Q

since there are substantial problems with reliability and validity of the diagnoses of personality disorders

a. they are rarely used in clinical practice
b. it is less likely that research on a disorder will be able to be replicated by other researchers
c. they are considered by clinicians only as suggestions and do not have an impairment on treatment decisions
d. very little research or search for treatments is done.

A

b. it is less likely that research on a disorder will be able to be repilicated

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11
Q

the five-factor model:

a. is a model of normal personality that includes an expanded description of the five basic personality dimensions

b. is a model that attempts to explain personality disorders by dividing them into five main categories

c. is a model that explains the causes of personality disorders by describing the five most important factors that lead to their development

d. is a five-step model for the treatment of personality disorders.

A

a. is a model of normal personality that includes an expanded description of the five basic personality dimensions

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12
Q

which of the following is a factor that complicates determining the causes of personality disorders

a. the high likelihood that an individual with one personality disorder may also have another
b. the availability of only prospective data
c. the wealth of biological data available
d. the inability to gather information from the patients themselves, due to the prevalence of memory disorders among those with personality

A

a. the high likelihood that an individual with one personality disorder may also have another

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13
Q

The finding that temperament may play a role in the etiology of personality disorders suggests that

a. all personality disorders have a biological data
b. learning plays a significant role in the development of personality disorders
c. the environment does not play a causal role in the development of mood disorders
d. a susceptability to the development of a personality disorder may be inherited

A

d. a susceptibility to the development of a personality disorder may be inherited

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14
Q

The best description of the biological component of personality disorders is

a. they are directly inherited disorders
b. they have no biological component, they are learned
c. personality traits are inherited that predispose a person to developing a personality disorder
d. people inherit the trait of anxiety, which underlies all of the personality disorders and predisposes people to developing a personality disorder.

A

c. personality traits are inherited that predispose a person to developing a personality disorder

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15
Q

The “clusters” of personality disorders found in the DSM-5 are grouped based on

a. similar etiologies
b. level of dysfunction
c. symptom or feature similarities
d. expected prognosis

A

c. symptom or feature similarites

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16
Q

What do all of the Cluster A disorders have in common?

a. Lack of emotional expression
b. oddness or eccentricity
c. clear link to schizophrenia
d. trust in other people

A

b. oddness or eccentricity

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17
Q

Which of the following is a Cluster B personality Disorder

a. depressive
b. schizoid
c. paranoid
d. borderline

A

d. borderline

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18
Q

Inidividuals who seem odd and eccentric to others may have personality disorders from

a. cluster A
b. Cluster B
c. Cluster C
d. proposed diagnostic categories needing further studies

A

a. Cluster A

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19
Q

Helen is suspicious and doubts the loyalty of even her friends. She is unwilling to forgive perceived insults and never forgets a grudge. She is most likely diagnosed with _____ Personality disorder.

a. paranoid
b. histrionic
c. schizoid
d. schizotypal

A

a. paranoid

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20
Q

the best single-word description for the person with paranoid personality disorder is

a. delusional
b. impulsive
c. unemotional
d. mistrustful

A

d. mistrustful

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21
Q

Unlike the person with paranoid schizophrenia, the person with paranoid personality disorder

a. becomes delusional in response to an actual betrayal or hurtful incident with another person
b. has persistent loss of reality contact.
c. tends to confide in others and assume the loyalty of his or her friends
d. is in contact with reality, although he or she may have transient psychotic symptoms

A

d. is in contact with reality, although he or she may have transient psychotic symptoms

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22
Q

which basic personality traits from the five-factor model seem most important in the development of paranoid personality disorder

a. introversion and openness to feelings
b. excitement seeking and neuroticism
c. antagonism and neuroticism
d. fantasy proneness and tough mindedness

A

c. antagonism and neuroticism

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23
Q

sam shows little emotion and is a loner. he has no social relationships other than his family, and he seems to experience little pleasure, if any. what personality disorder might sam have?

a. paranoid
b. schizoid
c. borderline
d. narcisisstic

A

b. schizoid

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24
Q

greg has been diagnosed with schizoid personality disorder. Knowing this, which of the following jobs would he be most likely to enjoy?

a. night time security guard who works alone
b. receptionist at a busy dentist office
c. insurance inspector who uncovers clues that criminal behavior has occurred
d. elementary school teacher who works with children with emotional problems

A

a. night time security guard who works alone

25
Q

the central problem of schizoid personality disorder is

a. recurrent depression
b. a marked disregard for the feelings of others
c. cognitive and perceptual distortions
d. an inability to form attachments to other people

A

d. an inability to form attachments to other people

26
Q

which basic personality traits from the five-factor model seem most important in development of schizoid personality disorder?

a. low agreeableness and high antagonism
b. high introversion and low openness to feelings
c. high introversion and low agreeableness
d. low excitement seeking and high fantasy proneness

A

b. high introversion and low openness to feelings

27
Q

individuals with schizoid and paranoid personality disorders differ significantly in their

a. ability to function
b. display of psychotic symptoms
c. level of emotionality
d. likelihood of recovery

A

c. level of emotionality

28
Q

a cognitive explanation for schizoid personality disorder proposes that the individual with this disorder believes

a. he is basically alone
b. few people can be trusted
c. no one can live up to his or her expectations
d. he is misunderstood

A

a. he is basically alone

29
Q

Tom tells you that he can make his roommate take out the trash by simply thinking about his roommate doing it. He agrees with you that this could sometimes just be a coincidence, but he seems to truly believe he can sometimes get people to do things just by thinking about it. You find him understandable when he talks, but sometimes hard to follow. His clothes are messy and don’t match. Tom tells you not to tell anyone about his power, because he knows that other people don’t like him because they are jealous and they would hurt him if they could. The best diagnosis for Tom is:

a. borderline personality disorder
b. paranoid
c. schizotypal
d. schizoid

A

c. schizotypal

30
Q

which of the following personality disorders is most likely to be mistaken for schizophrenia?

a. avoidant
b. borderline
c. schizoid
d. schizotypal

A

d. schizotypal

31
Q

while the individual with ____ personality disorder appears cool and aloof, the individual with ____ personality disorder is best described as odd.

a. avoidant; schizotypal
b. schizoid; schizotypal
c. schizoid; avoidant
d. schizotypal; avoidant

A

b. schizoid; schizotypal

32
Q

thought and speech oddities comparable to those seen in schizophrenia have been documented in ____ personality disorder

a. paranoid
b. schizoid
c. schizotypal
d. borderline

A

c. schizotypal

33
Q

schizophrenic disorders seem to be most strongly linked genetically to ____ personality disorder

a. schizoid
b. schizotypal
c. avoidant
d. A and B

A

b. schizotypal

34
Q

Transient psychotic symptoms are seen in which of the following personality disorders?

a. paranoid and schizoid
b. schizotypal and schizoid
c. schizoid and antisocial
d. paranoid and schizotypal

A

d. paranoid and schizotypal

35
Q

Lori is vain and self-centered. When she goes out, it is not at all uncommon for her to do things that ensure she is the center of attention. Her close friends describe her as a “drama queen.” Assuming that her behavior is sufficient to warrant a diagnosis, which of the following personality disorders is she most likely to be diagnosed with?

a. Antisocial
b. Borderline
c. Histrionic
d. Narcissistic

A

c. Histrionic

36
Q

Luisa is a lively and emotional graduate student. She dresses provocatively and behaves in a very seductive manner with her male professors. She has had a long string of short-lived, stormy romances. Luisa is most likely to have a diagnosis of

a. histrionic personality disorder.
b. narcissistic personality disorder.
c. dependent personality disorder.
d. passive-aggressive personality disorder.

A

a. histrionic personality disorder.

37
Q

Which basic personality traits from the five-factor model seem most important in the development of histrionic personality disorder?

a. Low openness to feelings and high fantasy proneness
b. High extraversion and high neuroticism
c. High neuroticism and low agreeableness
d. High conscientiousness and low assertiveness

A

b. High extraversion and high neuroticism

38
Q

Which of the following best accounts for why women are more likely to be diagnosed with histrionic personality disorder than men?

a. Women are more likely to develop this disorder.

b. The symptoms tend to be maladaptive exaggerations of traits normally seen in women.

c. Women are naturally more likely than men to engage in attention-seeking behaviors.

d. The primary feature of this disorder is emotionality and women are more emotional than men.

A

b. the symptoms tend to be maladaptive exaggerations of traits normally seen in women

39
Q

Which of the following is most typical of the interpersonal attitudes and behaviors of someone with histrionic personality disorder?

a. Vacillation between overidealization and bitter disappointment
b. Excessive trust and dependence on others’ opinions
c. Cruel and callous exploitation of others for personal gain
d. Repeated manipulation of others to gain attention

A

d. repeated manipulation of others to gain attention

40
Q

Hope believes that she is the “star” of her graduate class and that the other students dislike her because they are jealous of her superior intelligence. She believes that she is entitled to be exempted from an important exam because of her outstanding performance in class. Hope probably suffers from

a. histrionic personality disorder.
b. narcissistic personality disorder.
c. dependent personality disorder.
d. schizoid personality disorder

A

b. narcissistic

41
Q

Which of the following distinguishes narcissistic personality disorder from the other Cluster B disorders?
a. Emotionality
b. Grandiosity
c. Impulsivity
d. Vanity

A

b. Grandiosity

42
Q

Some people always think that everyone is looking at them and talking about them, wishing to be like them. This self-focused view of the world would be expected in someone with ________ personality disorder.
a. borderline
b. histrionic
c. narcissistic
d. paranoid

A

c. narcissistic

43
Q

What are the two subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder?
a. Histrionic and paranoid
b. Antisocial and prosocial
c. Avoidant and dependent.
d. Grandiose and vulnerable.

A

d. Grandiose and vulnerable.

44
Q

The histrionic seeks ________, while the narcissist needs ________.
a. attention; admiration
b. acceptance; admiration
c. admiration; attention
d. acceptance; approval

A

a. attention; admiration

45
Q

Parental overvaluation is associated with which personality disorder?
a. Antisocial
b. Borderline
c. Histrionic
d. Narcissistic

A

d. Narcissistic

46
Q

At a young age, children are not able to understand that the world that others experience is different from their own. Children also tend to overestimate their own abilities. A failure to outgrow these youthful characteristics might explain the development of ________ personality disorder.
a. antisocial
b. borderline
c. histrionic
d. narcissistic

A

d. narcissistic

47
Q

Early criminal behavior is most characteristic of ________
a. antisocial personality disorder.
b. borderline personality disorder.
c. schizoid personality disorder.
d. schizotypal personality disorder.

A

a. antisocial personality disorder.

48
Q

_______ personality disorder is much more common in men than women and involves the exploitation of others without remorse.
a. Antisocial
b. Histrionic
c. Borderline
d. Paranoid

A

a. Antisocial

49
Q

Which of the following is most typical of the interpersonal attitudes and behaviors of someone with antisocial personality disorder?
a. Vacillation between overidealization and bitter disappointment
b. Excessive trust and dependence on others’ opinions
c. Irritable and aggressive pattern of irresponsible behavior
d. Repeated manipulation of others to gain attention

A

c. Irritable and aggressive pattern of irresponsible behavior

49
Q

Children with an early history of ________ are most likely to later develop antisocial personality disorder.
a. attention-deficit disorder
b. attachment disorder
c. oppositional defiant disorder
d. depression

A

c. oppositional defiant disorder

49
Q

Antisocial personality disorder differs from the other Cluster B disorders in that ________
a. a lack of concern for the feelings of others is not displayed.
b. a need for approval or attention is not displayed.
c. symptoms are only present after age 15.
d. it is seen equally on men and women.

A

b. a need for approval or attention is not displayed.

49
Q

Henry was a charming middle-aged man who came to the attention of authorities on bigamy charges. He had a long history of courting and supposedly marrying elderly widows, then absconding with their money. His diagnosis is most likely ________
a. narcissistic personality disorder.
b. borderline personality disorder.
c. histrionic personality disorder.
d. antisocial personality disorder.

A

d. antisocial personality disorder.

50
Q

What “border” did the term “borderline” in borderline personality refer to?
a. The border between mood and anxiety disorders
b. People with borderline personality disorder were thought to be on the brink of psychosis, on the border between sanity and insanity.
c. Because people with borderline personality disorder behave normally much of the time, they were thought to only be on the edge of mental illness.
d. The term was originally used to describe a condition on the “border” between neurotic and psychotic disorders.

A

d. The term was originally used to describe a condition on the “border” between neurotic and psychotic disorders.

51
Q

Impulsivity and extreme instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood best characterize ________
a. histrionic personality disorder.
b. antisocial personality disorder.
c. avoidant personality disorder.
d. borderline personality disorder.

A

d. borderline personality disorder.

52
Q

Which of the following is most typical of the interpersonal attitudes and behaviors of someone with borderline personality disorder?
a. Vacillation between over-idealization and bitter disappointment
b. Excessive trust and dependence on others’ opinions
c. Cruel and callous exploitation of others for personal gain
d. Repeated manipulation of others to gain attention

A

a. Vacillation between over-idealization and bitter disappointment

53
Q

Loretta has a long history of first idealizing men and then feeling they have abandoned her. Feelings of emptiness change into reckless acts of sexual promiscuity, gambling, and suicide attempts. She feels that she has never had a sense of self. Loretta probably has ________ personality disorder.
a. narcissistic
b. histrionic
c. dependent
d. borderline

A

d. borderline

54
Q

Self-mutilation, such as is seen in borderline personality disorder, is ________
a. a form of suicidal behavior.
b. a form of self-punishment.
c. done to reduce depression.
d. associated with an increase in anxiety and depression.

A

b. a form of self-punishment.

55
Q

Glenna believed that Sam loved her and that she could not live without him. When he told her he did not want to see her again, she became violently angry and manipulated him into staying with her by threatening suicide. Which of the following personality disorder does Glenna’s behavior suggest she might have?
a. Narcissistic
b. Histrionic
c. Dependent
d. Borderline

A

d. Borderline

56
Q

Transient psychotic and dissociative experiences can occur in ________ personality disorder.
a. borderline
b. antisocial
c. narcissistic
d. obsessive-compulsive

A

a. borderline

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