W06_01 Virology I

Question 1

what’s a virion?

Answer 1

a single virus particle

Question 2

what’s a viroid?

Answer 2

a short stretch of circular, single-stranded RNA without a protein envelope. it doesn’t have translation machinery and requires other code to help it replicate (e.g. hepD requires hepB to replicate)

Question 3

a virus capsid is made up of these individual units

Answer 3

capsomeres

Question 4

what are 3 shapes of viruses?

Answer 4

helical/tubular
icosahedral
complex

Question 5

4 classifiers of viruses?

Answer 5

type/structure of nucleic acid;
strategy used in replication;
type/symmetry of capsid;
presence/absence of lipid envelope

Question 6

viruses are grouped into families, then genera, then subtypes

Answer 6

okay

Question 7

what are the 6 dna viruses?

Answer 7

hepB;
herpesviruses;
HPV;
adenoviruses;
polyomaviruses;
parovirus B19

Question 8

what’s the eclipse period?

Answer 8

when the virus uncoats inside the cell (viral genome is released)

Question 9

what are two methods of entry for viruses?

Answer 9

endocytosis;

fusion of virus envelope with cell membrane

Question 10

what are two types of protein synthesis of viruses?

Answer 10

structural (for walls and shit) and non-structural (for replication)

Question 11

where do most viruses execute their genetic replication?

Answer 11

in host cell nucleus, mediated by viral enzymes

Question 12

where do most viruses create their non-genetic structures?

Answer 12

in the cytoplasm, mediated by host cell enzymes

Question 13

what’s the significance of the + and - strands of viral rna?

Answer 13

+ acts as mRNA and can be directly translated;

- needs to be transcribed into + first, then can be translated. is thought to be more primitive

Question 14

how do retroviruses work?

Answer 14

they have RNA which is reverse-transcribed into cDNA. this then gets incorporated into th ehost