W04_03 Transmission of Infection and Infection Control Flashcards
define reservoir
the living/nonliving material in or on which an infectious agent multiplies and/or develops, and is dependent on for its survival in nature.
define modes of transmission
how infectious agents are passed form one individual to another (contact, droplet, airborne, etc.etc.)
define incubation period
time period from when an infectious agent gains entry until the appearance of the first signs or symptoms of disease
define period of communicability
time period from when an infectious agent is capable of being transmitted
define control measures
measures taken to reduce the transmission of infectious diseases
what is impetigo?
skin condition that produces blisters, sores, flaky skin
define fomite
any object or substance capable of carrying infectious organisms
what is the lower size limit of droplets?
defined to be >5 um in diameter
what is neisseria meningitidis’s mode of transmission?
droplet
what is mycobacterium tuberculosis’s mode of transmission?
airborne
what’s vector-borne mode of transmission?
through another organism, e.g. insects, e.g. mosquitoes
what’s the common vehicle mode of transmission?
a single contaminated vehicle source such as food, medication, etc. that transmits infection to multiple hosts
what are some public health measures to control transmission?
vaccination; post-exposure prophylaxis; reportable disease; contact tracing; quarantine; (outbreak investigation)
which vaccines are newborns given at 2 months?
diphtheria; pertussiss; tetanus; polio haemophilus B; pneumococcal; rotovirus
which act outlines reportable communicable diseases?
health protection and promotion act
what’s contact tracing (public health)?
tracking of all individuals who’ve been in contact with a person with a communicable disease
know quarantining. this isn’t used lightly.
okay.
what are some measures public health can take as infection control?
surveillance; routine practice; decolonization; post-exposure prophylaxis; (outbreak investigation)
what are the 4 big antibiotic resistant organism classes?
MRSA;
vancomycin resistant enterococci;
extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing GN;
carbapenase-producing GN
which public health ontario organization gives routine practices info on infection control?
PIDAC (provincial infectious disease advisory committee)
what are the steps in an outbreak investigation?
confirm existence of outbreak; develop case definition; create line listing + epicurve; assemble team; institute control measures; evaluate efficacy of control measures; declare end of outbreak
what are the three types of outbreaks?
point source;
common source;
propagated spread