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MMMD > W05_09 Antibiotics > Flashcards

W05_09 Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

ciprofloxacin kills what?

A

aerobic gram negative bacilli

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2
Q

levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin (resp fluoros) kill what?

A

aerobic gram negative bacilli
pneumonia bacteria;
aerobic gram positive cocci;
moxi- kills more anaerobes

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3
Q

macrolides in general kill which kinds of bacteria?

A

gram positive aerobic cocci

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4
Q

azithromycin kills what?

A

GP O2 cocci;
pneumonia;
some GN (diarrhea and gonorrhea)

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5
Q

metronidazole kills what?

A

c.diff!

anaerobes

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6
Q

clindamycin kills what?

A

anaerobes;

aerobic gram positive cocci (+MRSA -enterococci)

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7
Q

trimethoprin-sulphamethoxazole kills what?

A

broad spectrum, esp GN aerobic bacilli;

MRSA

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8
Q

vancomycin kills what?

A

GP O2 cocci (+enterococci +MRSA);

po vanco kills c. diff!

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9
Q

nitrofurantoin kills what?

A

GN O2 bacilli;

enterococcus

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10
Q

treatment for group A strep?

A

penicillin, amoxicillin;

first gen cephalosporins, macrolides, resp. fluoroquinolones

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11
Q

Rx for streptococcus pneumoniae?

A 
penicillin or amoxicillin;
2/3rd gen cephs;
macrolides;
resp fluoros;
doxycycline;
vanco;
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12
Q

Rx for enterococcus fecalis?

A

amoxicillin;
vanco;
linezolid

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13
Q

Rx for staph aureus (methicillin sensitive)?

A

cloxacillin;

cephalosporin 1, vanco

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14
Q

Rx for MRSA in blood?

A

vanco;

linezolid

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15
Q

Rx for MRSA on skin or tissues?

A

clindamycin;
septra ds;
doxycycline

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16
Q

Rx for typical enteric pathogens?

A

cipro, cephs (3rd for GN O2 bacilli), amoxicillin-clavulanate;
aminoglycosides, pip-tazo, carbapenems;
septra or nitrofurantoin for cystitis

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17
Q

Rx for hemophilus influenzae?

A

amox-clav, ceph 2/3, resp fluor, clarithromycin, azithromycin

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18
Q

Rx for neisseria spp?

A

ceph 3 + azithromycin or doxy for gonorrhea (b/c chlamydia)

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19
Q

Rx for chlamydia trachomatis?

A

azithromycin or doxy

20
Q

Rx for mycoplasma pneumoniae?

A

resp fluor (e.g. levofloxacin)

21
Q

Rx for bacteroides spp.?

A

metronidazole (flagyl);

22
Q

Rx for c.difficile?

A

metronidazole;

vanco

23
Q

in general, penicillin used for?

A

strepto/pneumo cocci

24
Q

in general, amox/ampi used for?

A

enterococci

25
Q

in general, clox used for?

A

staph aureus

26
Q

in general, ceph 1 used for?

A

staph aureus or group A strep (GP)

27
Q

in general, ceph 2 used for?

A

H flu, pneumococcus

28
Q

in general, ceph 3 used for?

A

pneumoccus, GN

29
Q

in general, fluoroquinolones used for?

A

GN, resp tract

30
Q

in general, macrolides used for?

A

group A strep, pneumococcus, staph aureus if penicillin allergy;
resp tract;
traveler’s diarrhea or chlamydia

31
Q

in general, vanco used for?

A

GP (+MRSA, + enterococcus)

32
Q

in general, aminoglycosides used for?

33
Q

in general, carbapenems or pip-tazo used for?

A

broad spectrum

34
Q

in general, metronidazole used for?

A

anaerobes, esp gut

35
Q

in general, clindamycin used for?

A

anaerobes above diaphragm, or GP

36
Q

in general, septra or nitrofurantoin used for?

37
Q

in general, doxycycline used for?

A

chlamydia, resp tract

38
Q

Pt has purulent tonsillitis. Cause? Rx?

A

Cause - group A strep likely.

Rx - penicillin, ceph 1, macrolide

39
Q

Pt has cellulitis in leg. Cause? Rx?

A

Cause - group A strep or staph aureus likely.

Rx - ceph 1, cloxacillin

40
Q

Pt has swollen knee and you suspect infection with negative gram staining. Cause? Rx?

A

Cause - staph aureus or gonorrhea.

Rx - clox or ceph 3 (+azithromycin)

41
Q

Pt has acute otitis media. Cause? Rx?

A

Cause - strep pneumo, h.influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis.

Rx - amoxicillin, ceph 2/3, macrolides for resp tract

42
Q

Pt has cystitis. Cause? Rx?

A

Cause - e.coli likely.

Rx - trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nitrofurantoin

43
Q

Pt has intra-abdominal sepsis. Cause? Rx?

A

Cause - GN O2 bacilli or AnO2.

Rx - ceph, aminoglycoside, cipro; or metronidazole (AnO2). meropenem or pip-tazo accounts for both.

44
Q

Pt has meningitis. Cause? Rx?

A

s.pneumoniae (ceftriaxone, vanco),
h.influenzae (ceftriaxone),
meningococcus (ceftriaxone),
listeria (ampicillin

45
Q

Pt has pneumonia. Cause? Rx?

A

Cause - s.pneumo, h.influ, m.pneuno, chlamydophila pneumo, legionella.
Rx - macrolide + beta lactam or doxycycline or resp fluor.

46
Q

Pt travelling from latin america has watery diarrhea and fever. Cause? Rx?

A

Cause - GN O2s: salmonella, shigella, campylobacter, yersinia, e.coli.
Rx - fluoro or azithromycin

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