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W05_09 Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

ciprofloxacin kills what?

A

aerobic gram negative bacilli

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2
Q

levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin (resp fluoros) kill what?

A

aerobic gram negative bacilli
pneumonia bacteria;
aerobic gram positive cocci;
moxi- kills more anaerobes

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3
Q

macrolides in general kill which kinds of bacteria?

A

gram positive aerobic cocci

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4
Q

azithromycin kills what?

A

GP O2 cocci;
pneumonia;
some GN (diarrhea and gonorrhea)

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5
Q

metronidazole kills what?

A

c.diff!

anaerobes

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6
Q

clindamycin kills what?

A

anaerobes;

aerobic gram positive cocci (+MRSA -enterococci)

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7
Q

trimethoprin-sulphamethoxazole kills what?

A

broad spectrum, esp GN aerobic bacilli;

MRSA

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8
Q

vancomycin kills what?

A

GP O2 cocci (+enterococci +MRSA);

po vanco kills c. diff!

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9
Q

nitrofurantoin kills what?

A

GN O2 bacilli;

enterococcus

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10
Q

treatment for group A strep?

A

penicillin, amoxicillin;

first gen cephalosporins, macrolides, resp. fluoroquinolones

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11
Q

Rx for streptococcus pneumoniae?

A 
penicillin or amoxicillin;
2/3rd gen cephs;
macrolides;
resp fluoros;
doxycycline;
vanco;
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12
Q

Rx for enterococcus fecalis?

A

amoxicillin;
vanco;
linezolid

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13
Q

Rx for staph aureus (methicillin sensitive)?

A

cloxacillin;

cephalosporin 1, vanco

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14
Q

Rx for MRSA in blood?

A

vanco;

linezolid

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15
Q

Rx for MRSA on skin or tissues?

A

clindamycin;
septra ds;
doxycycline

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16
Q

Rx for typical enteric pathogens?

A

cipro, cephs (3rd for GN O2 bacilli), amoxicillin-clavulanate;
aminoglycosides, pip-tazo, carbapenems;
septra or nitrofurantoin for cystitis

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17
Q

Rx for hemophilus influenzae?

A

amox-clav, ceph 2/3, resp fluor, clarithromycin, azithromycin

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18
Q

Rx for neisseria spp?

A

ceph 3 + azithromycin or doxy for gonorrhea (b/c chlamydia)

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19
Q

Rx for chlamydia trachomatis?

A

azithromycin or doxy

20
Q

Rx for mycoplasma pneumoniae?

A

resp fluor (e.g. levofloxacin)

21
Q

Rx for bacteroides spp.?

A

metronidazole (flagyl);

22
Q

Rx for c.difficile?

A

metronidazole;

vanco

23
Q

in general, penicillin used for?

A

strepto/pneumo cocci

24
Q

in general, amox/ampi used for?

A

enterococci

25
in general, clox used for?
staph aureus
26
in general, ceph 1 used for?
staph aureus or group A strep (GP)
27
in general, ceph 2 used for?
H flu, pneumococcus
28
in general, ceph 3 used for?
pneumoccus, GN
29
in general, fluoroquinolones used for?
GN, resp tract
30
in general, macrolides used for?
group A strep, pneumococcus, staph aureus if penicillin allergy; resp tract; traveler's diarrhea or chlamydia
31
in general, vanco used for?
GP (+MRSA, + enterococcus)
32
in general, aminoglycosides used for?
GN O2
33
in general, carbapenems or pip-tazo used for?
broad spectrum
34
in general, metronidazole used for?
anaerobes, esp gut
35
in general, clindamycin used for?
anaerobes above diaphragm, or GP
36
in general, septra or nitrofurantoin used for?
cystitis
37
in general, doxycycline used for?
chlamydia, resp tract
38
Pt has purulent tonsillitis. Cause? Rx?
Cause - group A strep likely. | Rx - penicillin, ceph 1, macrolide
39
Pt has cellulitis in leg. Cause? Rx?
Cause - group A strep or staph aureus likely. | Rx - ceph 1, cloxacillin
40
Pt has swollen knee and you suspect infection with negative gram staining. Cause? Rx?
Cause - staph aureus or gonorrhea. | Rx - clox or ceph 3 (+azithromycin)
41
Pt has acute otitis media. Cause? Rx?
Cause - strep pneumo, h.influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis. | Rx - amoxicillin, ceph 2/3, macrolides for resp tract
42
Pt has cystitis. Cause? Rx?
Cause - e.coli likely. | Rx - trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nitrofurantoin
43
Pt has intra-abdominal sepsis. Cause? Rx?
Cause - GN O2 bacilli or AnO2. | Rx - ceph, aminoglycoside, cipro; or metronidazole (AnO2). meropenem or pip-tazo accounts for both.
44
Pt has meningitis. Cause? Rx?
s.pneumoniae (ceftriaxone, vanco), h.influenzae (ceftriaxone), meningococcus (ceftriaxone), listeria (ampicillin
45
Pt has pneumonia. Cause? Rx?
Cause - s.pneumo, h.influ, m.pneuno, chlamydophila pneumo, legionella. Rx - macrolide + beta lactam or doxycycline or resp fluor.
46
Pt travelling from latin america has watery diarrhea and fever. Cause? Rx?
Cause - GN O2s: salmonella, shigella, campylobacter, yersinia, e.coli. Rx - fluoro or azithromycin

MMMD (62 decks)

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