W04_04 Chest Imaging Flashcards
what’s the spine sign?
lungs should get darker as you go posterior. positive spine sign for when they don’t get darker. indicates lower lobe lesion. often, sign of pneumonia.
how many segments of the lung are there?
18: 8 left, 10 right
how do you look at the degree of rotation in the CXR?
compare spinous process distance to each clavicular head.
how many ribs to count to check for proper degree of inspiration on a CXR?
10-12 posterior, 6-8 anterior
what are features of the CXR in full expiration?
bigger heart;
mediastinum wider;
pulmonary vasculature indistinct;
“increased opacity of lungs”
what are findings in the lungs in air space disease?
water; pus; blood; protein; tumour
what is bronchopneumonia?
inflammation of the bronchi. get airspace nodules
what’s the silhouette sign?
can’t see a normal structure outline because something causes nearby structure to be similar density
what are 3 silhouette signs for isolating location of lesion?
right heart margin = RML pneumonia;
left heart border = lingular pneumonia;
diaphragm = lower lobe pneumonia
what are two atypical signs of infection?
cavity/cavitation;
miliary pattern
what’s the miliary pattern in the lung?
hematongenous spread of infection through the bloodstream. can see little dots everywhere on CXR.
interstitial disease is described with this buzzword
reticulonodular (net-like and with nodes here and there)
what are kerley B lines?
interstitial opacities that extend from pleura at right angles.
what’s peribronchial cuffing?
the ring around the bronchus is thickened. can see in bronchi that are travelling into image plane