W04_04 Chest Imaging

Question 1

what’s the spine sign?

Answer 1

lungs should get darker as you go posterior. positive spine sign for when they don’t get darker. indicates lower lobe lesion. often, sign of pneumonia.

Question 2

how many segments of the lung are there?

Answer 2

18: 8 left, 10 right

Question 3

how do you look at the degree of rotation in the CXR?

Answer 3

compare spinous process distance to each clavicular head.

Question 4

how many ribs to count to check for proper degree of inspiration on a CXR?

Answer 4

10-12 posterior, 6-8 anterior

Question 5

what are features of the CXR in full expiration?

Answer 5

bigger heart;
mediastinum wider;
pulmonary vasculature indistinct;
“increased opacity of lungs”

Question 6

what are findings in the lungs in air space disease?

Answer 6

water;
pus;
blood;
protein;
tumour

Question 7

what is bronchopneumonia?

Answer 7

inflammation of the bronchi. get airspace nodules

Question 8

what’s the silhouette sign?

Answer 8

can’t see a normal structure outline because something causes nearby structure to be similar density

Question 9

what are 3 silhouette signs for isolating location of lesion?

Answer 9

right heart margin = RML pneumonia;
left heart border = lingular pneumonia;
diaphragm = lower lobe pneumonia

Question 10

what are two atypical signs of infection?

Answer 10

cavity/cavitation;

miliary pattern

Question 11

what’s the miliary pattern in the lung?

Answer 11

hematongenous spread of infection through the bloodstream. can see little dots everywhere on CXR.

Question 12

interstitial disease is described with this buzzword

Answer 12

reticulonodular (net-like and with nodes here and there)

Question 13

what are kerley B lines?

Answer 13

interstitial opacities that extend from pleura at right angles.

Question 14

what’s peribronchial cuffing?

Answer 14

the ring around the bronchus is thickened. can see in bronchi that are travelling into image plane