W04_04 Chest Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

what’s the spine sign?

A

lungs should get darker as you go posterior. positive spine sign for when they don’t get darker. indicates lower lobe lesion. often, sign of pneumonia.

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2
Q

how many segments of the lung are there?

A

18: 8 left, 10 right

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3
Q

how do you look at the degree of rotation in the CXR?

A

compare spinous process distance to each clavicular head.

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4
Q

how many ribs to count to check for proper degree of inspiration on a CXR?

A

10-12 posterior, 6-8 anterior

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5
Q

what are features of the CXR in full expiration?

A

bigger heart;
mediastinum wider;
pulmonary vasculature indistinct;
“increased opacity of lungs”

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6
Q

what are findings in the lungs in air space disease?

A
water;
pus;
blood;
protein;
tumour
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7
Q

what is bronchopneumonia?

A

inflammation of the bronchi. get airspace nodules

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8
Q

what’s the silhouette sign?

A

can’t see a normal structure outline because something causes nearby structure to be similar density

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9
Q

what are 3 silhouette signs for isolating location of lesion?

A

right heart margin = RML pneumonia;
left heart border = lingular pneumonia;
diaphragm = lower lobe pneumonia

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10
Q

what are two atypical signs of infection?

A

cavity/cavitation;

miliary pattern

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11
Q

what’s the miliary pattern in the lung?

A

hematongenous spread of infection through the bloodstream. can see little dots everywhere on CXR.

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12
Q

interstitial disease is described with this buzzword

A

reticulonodular (net-like and with nodes here and there)

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13
Q

what are kerley B lines?

A

interstitial opacities that extend from pleura at right angles.

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14
Q

what’s peribronchial cuffing?

A

the ring around the bronchus is thickened. can see in bronchi that are travelling into image plane

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