Vision + Hearing Development + Anatomy

Question 1

Visual acuity in newborn

Answer 1

20/100 to 20/400

**not fully myelinated

Question 2

visual acuity in 1-2 yr

Answer 2

20/50

Question 3

visual acuity in 6-7 yr

Answer 3

20/20

Question 4

eyes are aligned + coordinated by…

Answer 4

3 months

Question 5

estuchian tube is in the…

Answer 5

middle ear

Question 6

hearing 20 weeks

Answer 6

begin hearing

Question 7

hearing 5 months

Answer 7

auditory nerve function matures

Question 8

if hearing deficit is present, early interventions are needed by…

Answer 8

6 months of age

Question 9

myopia usually develops…

Answer 9

around 8 yo

Question 10

hyperopia is common until…

Answer 10

9-10 yo

—not usually detected until 7 yo because of accommodation

Question 11

nasopharynx

Answer 11

smaller

-easily occluded during infectn

Question 12

lymph tissue [tonsils + adenoids]

Answer 12

grows rapidly in early childhood

-atrophies at 12 yo

Question 13

nares

Answer 13

smaller + easily occluded

Question 14

small oral cavity + large tongue incr the risk for…

Answer 14

obstruction

Question 15

epiglottis

Answer 15

long, floppy

-vulnerable to swelling»> obstruction

Question 16

larynx + glottis

Answer 16

higher in neck

-incr risk for aspiration

Question 17

fewer muscles are functional in airway, which means…

Answer 17

iit is less able to compensate for edema, spasm, + trauma

Question 18

large amounts of soft tissue + loosely anchored mucous membranes

Answer 18

incr risk for edema + obstructions

Question 19

airway diameter

infant vs adult

Answer 19

infant: 4 mm
adult: 20 mm

Question 20

use of diaphragm for resp is until…

Answer 20

6 yo

Question 21

retraction is seen as…

Answer 21

diaphragm pulls down + ribs pull in fr neg pressure

Question 22

mild retraction

Answer 22

intercostal

Question 23

mod retraction

Answer 23

substernal + suprasternal

Question 24

severe retractoin

Answer 24

supraclavicular
subcostal
sternocleidomastoid + trapezius muscle

Question 25

estuchian tube

Answer 25

shorter + more horizontal

|&raquo_space;>leads to decr drainage

Question 26

otitis media is most common in…

Answer 26

first 24 mos

then again around 5-6 yo

Question 27

end of eustachian tube in nasal pharynx opens during…

Answer 27

sucking

Question 28

periodic breathing

Answer 28

infants

-cessation of resp up to 20 sec is normal