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Pediatrics > Endocrine - Thyroid + Adrenal > Flashcards

Endocrine - Thyroid + Adrenal Flashcards

1
Q

Disorders of thyroid function

A

hyper/hypo thryroid

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2
Q

thyroid hormones

A

aid in growth + development

-metabolizes nutrients + energy

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3
Q

Congenital Hypo - thyroid

A
  • genetic mutation
  • failure of feedback loop to develop
  • iodine deficiency
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4
Q

Acquired Hypo - thyroid

A

Hashimoto thyroiditis

-autoimmune

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5
Q

Congenital Hypo - thyroid

manifestations

A
  • thick tongue
  • hypotonia
  • large fontanelles
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6
Q

Acquired Hypo - thyroid

manifestations

A
  • sensitivity to cold
  • goiter
  • change in growth pattern
  • decr height velocity
  • delayed bone + dental age
  • hypotonia w poor muscle tone
  • delayed puberty
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7
Q

congenital hypothyroidism is usually detected by…

A

newborn screening

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8
Q

Hypo - thyroid

treatment + education

A

levothyroxine T4

-teach to assess for tachycardia

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9
Q

tachycardia w levothyroxine could indicate…

A

too much TSH

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10
Q

Hyper - thyroid

A

Graves disease

-autoimmune

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11
Q

most common etiology of hyper-thyroid in kids

A

graves disease autoimmune

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12
Q

Hyper - thyroid

manifestation

A

hyperactive SNS

  • tachycardia
  • HTN
  • goiter (enlarged thyroid gland)
  • bulging eyes (exophthalmus)
  • heat intolerance
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13
Q

thyroid crisis aka thyrotoxicosis

manifestations

A
  • weakness
  • diaphoresis
  • tachycardia
  • tremor
  • palpitations
  • diarrhea
  • irritability
  • nervousness
  • anxiety
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14
Q

Hyper - thyroid

treatment

A
  • thyroidectomy + radiation

- lifelong thyroid replacement if radiation/surgery is performed

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15
Q

Hyper - thyroid

education

A
  • wear med alert ID
  • easily fatigued, need scheduled rest periods at home/school
  • kids are easily fatigued, need scheduled rest periods at home/school
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16
Q

Disorders of Adrenal Function [3]

A

1 Cushing Syndrome/Disease
2 Adrenal Insufficiency
3 Pheochromocytoma

17
Q

Cushing Syndrome + Disease aka

A

adrenocortical hyperfunction

> > excess glucocorticoid hormones esp cortisol

18
Q

Cushing Syndrome + Disease causes

A

INFANTS: adrenocortical tumor

7yo+: pituitary tumor (adenoma) secreted excess ACTH

19
Q

ADENOMA

A

pituitary tumor

  • cause cushings
  • secretes excess ACTH
  • causes bilateral adrenal hyperplasia
20
Q

Cushing

manifestations

A
  • cushingoid features
  • delayed puberty
  • irregular menses
  • pathologic fractures
  • hyper glycemia
  • symptoms mimicked by corticoid admin
21
Q

cushingoid features

A
  • moon face
  • hirsutism
  • acne
  • deepening of voice
22
Q

Cushing treatment of choice

A

surgical removal of pituitary adenoma

23
Q

Cushing education

A

admin injectible cortisone when vomiting, diarrhea, or cannot take oral med
**failure to give med when child is ill can lead to severe illness or cardiovasc collapse

24
Q

Adrenal Insufficiency aka Addison Disease

A

glucorticoid/cortisol + mineralcorticoid deficiency

-usually autoimmune process

25
Q

Adrenal Crisis

A

caused by stressors (surgery, infectn, trauma)

-treat w fluids, IV glucose, IV glucocorticoids

26
Q

avoid adrenal crisis by…

A

increase dose during periods of stress

**admin triple strength dose steroid (hydrocortisone) Q6-8hr while stressors are present

27
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

tumor in adrenal gland

**cause excess release of catecholamines

28
Q

Pheochromocytoma/excess catecholamines

manifestations

A
  • HTN
  • palpitations
  • sweating
  • anxiety
  • tremor
  • headache
29
Q

Pheochromocytoma

treatment

A

curative surgical removal of all tumors

|&raquo_space;>may trigger release of epinephinr + norepinephrine leading to Pheochromocytoma crisis

30
Q

Pheochromocytoma Crisis

manifestations

A
  • HTN

- tachycardia

31
Q

Pheochromocytoma Crisis

treatment

A

alpha-adrenergic blocking agents

Pediatrics (51 decks)

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