ATI 19 - Cystic Fibrosis + Injury of Resp System + Pneumothorax Flashcards
Cystic Fibrosis
inherited mutated gene
- characterized by thick, sludge-like secretion in all parts of body
- leads to mechanical obstruction of organs
median lifespan
up to 40 yo
risk factors
both biological parents w recessive trait
-caucasian
cystic fibrosis
first signs
meconium ileus
child taste salty
cystic fibrosis
upper resp symptoms
nasal congestion
sinusitis
cystic fibrosis
lower resp symptoms
- chronic productive cough
- wheezing/crackles
- recurrent infections
- SOB
- exercise intolerance
- clubbing, barrel chest
cystic fibrosis
pancreas symptoms
- vitamins ADEK deficiencies
- FTT or poor wt gain
- gluc intolerance d/t decr insulin productn
- enzyme supplements
cystic fibrosis
GI symptoms
- constipatn + intestinal obstruction
- steatorrhea
- liver cirrhosis
- high cal diet
cystic fibrosis
reproductive symptoms
- infertility
- low sperm count
- difficulty conceiving
cystic fibrosis
sweat glands symptoms
- sweat chloride test is gold standard test
- salty sweat
- hyponatremia
GI MGMT
- high protein, high cal diet
- 3 meal/day w snacks
- encourage oral fluids
- admin pancreatic enzymes w food
- ADEK vitamins
- laxative/stool softener
how to determine adequate dosing for pancreatic enzymes
monitor stools
1-2 stools/day
Injury to Respiration
patho
heat + smoke incr risk for airway obstruction fr edema
-can progress w/in hours
Injury to Respiration
s/s
- burns around face + neck
- singe nose hair
- soot around mouth or nose
- hoarseness w stridor or voice change
- edema leading to airway obstruction, tachypnea, stridor, cough/wheeze
carbon monoxide posioning
s/s
- headache/dizzy
- confusion
- SOB
- LOC
Blunt chest trauma
fr motor vehicle crash, bus, bicycle, scooter, skateboard accident
Blunt chest trauma
s/s
difficult to evaluate:
- hypoxia
- pulmo contusion
- pneumothorax
pulmonary contusion
bruising damage, often w rib fracture
- capillaries bleed into alveoli, impairing gas exchange
- acute resp distress + long term dysfunction
pulmonary contusion
s/s
- child may be asymptomatic
- may develop resp distress, fever, wheeze, hemoptysis, crackles
pneumothorax
air enters pleural space bc of penetrating chest injury or tears in tracheobronchial tree
pneumothorax
open symptoms
- sucking sound as air moves thru chest wall
- restless
- cyanosis
- subcutaneous emphysema
pneumothorax
closed symptoms
- decr/absent breath sounds on site of injury
- child in resp distress
pneumothorax
tension symptoms
- incr resp distress
- decr breath sounds
- paradoxical breathing
