cancer 2 Flashcards
wilms tumor
most common type of nephroblastoma
wilms tumor
peak incidence occurs at ____ and is assoc w ____
2-3 yo
assoc w severe congenital anomalies
wilms tumor
manifestations
-painless
-can double in size in 11-13 dy
-hypertension
-hematuria
»>check BUN, creatinine, urinalysis
if wilm’s tumor is suspected, then ____ is contraindicated
DO NOT PALPATE
wilms tumor nephroblastoma
prognosis
- survival depends on stage
- long term complications incl liver damage
wilms tumor
therapy
- postrenal surgery
- chemotherapy phase
osteosarcoma
most common tumor affecting skeleton of children
osteosarcoma
location
usually in
- metaphysis of distal femur
- proximal tibia
- proximal humerus
osteosarcoma tumor is composed of…
immature bone tissue
osteosarcoma
what manifestations should be investigated?
deep bone pain causing night awakenings
-should be investigated
osteosarcoma
big risk
pulmo metastasis
20% of cases
osteosarcoma
therapy
arteriography
- if limb sparing surgery is an option
- chemo after surgery
osteosarcoma
chemo after surgery
- most have metastases
- may also need chemo before surgery to shrink the tumor
ewing sarcoma
malignant, small, round cell tumor
- usually involved diaphysis of long bones
- can involve any bone
ewing sarcoma
chemo is always used after initial tx because…
undetectable metastases are almost always present
leukemia
most commonly diagnosed ped malignancy for kids under 14yo
leukemia
types
1 acute lymphoblastic leukemia
2 acute myelogenous leukemia
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- 25% of childhood cancers
- 78% of leukemia in kids
- peak onset 2-3 y
acute myelogenous leukemia
originates fr myeloid cells
-most common in kids less than 2 yo + in adolescents
leukemia
manifestations
- fever
- lethargy
- lymphadenopathy
- large joint or bone pain
- petechiae
leukemia
diagnostics
-blood count
-bone marrow aspiration
»»definitve dx procedure
leukemia
expected blood count
- anemia
- thrombocytopenia
- neutropenia
- leukemic blasts (immature WBC, lots of bands)
hodgkin disease
disorder of lymph system
-usually fr single node or group of nodes
hodgkin disease
finding
nontender, firm lymphadenopathy
- usually in supraclavicular + cervical nodes
- occasionally in mediastinal area
hodgkin disease
biopsy
reed-sternberg cells
-large, multiple nuclei
hodgkin disease
treatment
chemo w 4 drug combo
HSCT if relapse
NON hodgkin lymphoma
malignant tumor of lymphoreticular origin
NON hodgkin lymphoma
manifestations
- fever
- wt loss
- enlarged lymph glands
NON hodgkin lymphoma
therapy
chemo is main tx
rhabdomyosarcoma
most common soft tissue tumor dx in kids
-es <5yo
rhabdomyosarcoma
manifestations
- swelling
- ptosis
- visual distub
- eye mvmt abnorm
rhabdomyosarcoma
therapy
surgical removal of tumor if possible
rhabdomyosarcoma mmay have _____ at time of dx
metastasis
retinboblastoma
intraocular malignancy of retina
retinboblastoma
finding
absent red reflex
