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Pediatrics > ATI 9 - Pain MGMT > Flashcards

ATI 9 - Pain MGMT Flashcards

1
Q

factors that influence pain perception

A
  • age
  • dvlptmtl age
  • chrnc or acute disease
  • prior hx w pain
  • personality
  • family dynamics
  • culture
  • socioeconomic status
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2
Q

expected pain signs

YOUNG INFANT

A
  • loud cry
  • rigid body or thrashing
  • local reflex withdrawal
  • expressions of pain (tight eyes, mouth open in square shape, brows lowered + drawn together)
  • lack of assoc bw stimuli + pain
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3
Q

expected pain signs

OLDER INFANT

A
  • loud cry
  • deliberate withdrawal fr pain
  • facial expression of pain
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4
Q

expected pain signs

TODDLER

A
  • loud cry or screaming
  • verbal expression of pain
  • thrashing
  • attempt to push away fr stimulus
  • NONCOOPERATION
  • clinging to person
  • behavior occurs in ANTICIPATION
  • requests physical comfort
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5
Q

expected pain signs

SCHOOL-AGED CHILD

A
  • stalling behavior
  • muscular rigidity
  • any behavior of toddler, but less intense
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6
Q

expected pain signs

ADOLESCENT

A
  • more verbal expression w less protest

- muscle tension w body control

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7
Q

self report of pain intensity is used for…

A

children 4 yo + older

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8
Q

atraumatic measures

A
  • use tx room for painful procedures
  • avoid procedures in “safe” places (playroom, child’s bed)
  • use approp terminology
  • offer choices to child
  • allow parents to stay w kid
  • use play therapy to explain procedure
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9
Q

W.H.O. recommends 2-step approach for pharm mgmt

A

step 1 is for 3 mo + older w mild pain: admin non-opioid like NSAID
step 2 is for mod-severe pain: admin strong opioid like MORPHINE

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10
Q

T/F give pain med PRN

A

FALSE

-give routinely esp in pain that is expected to last for an extended period of time

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11
Q

combining ___ + ___ treats pain peripherally + centrally

A

non opioid w opioid

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12
Q

___ are not recommended for pain control in children, + ___ are not recommended for children younger than 18yo

A

IM injections

intranasal med

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13
Q

fentanyl

A
  • for kids older than 12 yo
  • continuous pain control
  • –onset 12-24 hr, duration 72hr
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14
Q

IV bolus

A

-rapid pain control in 5 min

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15
Q

nonpharmacological measures [9]

A
  • distraction
  • relaxation
  • guided imagery
  • positive self talk
  • behavioral contracting
  • containment
  • nonnutritive sucking
  • kangaroo care
  • complementary + alternative med
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16
Q

distraction

A
  • use play, radio, computer game, or movie

- tell jokes or a story to child

17
Q

relaxation

A
  • hold or rock infant/young child
  • assist older children into comfortable position
  • assist w breathing techniques
18
Q

guided imagery

A
  • assist w imaginary experience

- have child describe the details

19
Q

positive self talk

A

-have child say positive things during a procedure or painful episode

20
Q

behavioral contracting

A
  • use stickers or tokens as rewards
  • give time limits for the child to cooperate
  • reinforce cooperation w a reward
21
Q

containment

A
  • swaddle infant
  • place rolled blankets around child
  • maintain proper positioning
22
Q

nonnutritive sucking

A

-offer pacifier w sucrose before, during, + after

23
Q

kangaroo care

A

skin to skin contact

24
Q

complementary + alternative medicine

A
  • offer food, vitamins, + supplements
  • massage or chiro
  • review energy based tx like magnets
  • mind body techniques like hypnosis, homeopathy, neuropathy
25
Q

FLACC age

A

2 mo - 7 yo

26
Q

FLACC

A 
face (0=smile/no expression, 2 constant frown, clenched jaw)
legs (0=relaxed, 2=kicking)
activity
cry
consolability
27
Q

NUMERIC SCALE age

A

5yo + older

28
Q

FACES age

A

3yo + older

-similar to pain scale but w faces

29
Q

OUCHER age

A

3-13 yo

30
Q

OUCHER

A

pain rate don scale using 6 pics
-organize pics in order of no pain to worst pain
>then have them choose how theyre feeling

31
Q

NON-COMMUNICATING CHILDREN’S PAIN CHECKLIST

age

A

3yo + older

32
Q

NON-COMMUNICATING CHILDREN’S PAIN CHECKLIST

A

-behavior observed for 10 min

6 subcategories are scored on scale of 0-3 (0=not at all, 1=a little, 3=very often)

33
Q

NON-COMMUNICATING CHILDREN’S PAIN CHECKLIST

subcategories

A
  • facial
  • limbs + body
  • activity
  • vocal
  • social
  • physiological

Pediatrics (51 decks)

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