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Pediatrics > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Fluid requirements

A

high

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2
Q

caloric intake for infants

A

at 1 month,

100-115kcal/kg

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3
Q

infants receive 50% of cals from…

A

fat

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4
Q

primary carb in breastfeeding is…

A

lactose

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5
Q

breastfeeding stimulates…

A

digestion of cholesterol

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6
Q

most variable component

A

fat content

-affected by mom’s pregnancy, stage of lactation, diet

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7
Q

breastfeeding duration

A

exclusive for 6 months

continue for 12 months

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8
Q

breastfeeding

advantages

A
  • excellent nutritional balance
  • promotes GI function
  • fosters immune defense
  • psych + economic advantages
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9
Q

breastfeeding strategies

A
  • education
  • referrals
  • early primary care visits
  • cultural sensitivity
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10
Q

Weaning

A

transition fr breast/bottle feeding to drinking fr a cup

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11
Q

Weaning

offer a cup at…

A

8-9 months old

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12
Q

influence to cause weaning

A
  • fam pressure
  • culture pressure
  • personal opinion
  • partner pressure
  • infant stops taking breasts
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13
Q

Weaning education

A
  • offer 1 cup per day, few days per week

- should be given iron-fortified formula instead of cow’s milk

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14
Q

AAP recommends introducing complementary food…

A

at 6 months

start w 1/4 cup

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15
Q

signs that baby is ready to be introduced complementary food

A
  • diminished extrusion reflex
  • sits w support
  • indicates desire for food, turns away when full
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16
Q

which foods to avoid when introducing complementary foods

A
  • hot dogs
  • hard veggies
  • candy
  • chunks of peanut butter

supervise at all times

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17
Q

recommended solid foods at 6 months

A
  • rice

- single-grain baby cereal

18
Q

meats should be introduced…

A

at 8-10 months

19
Q

one new food at a time, __ days apart

A

3-4

20
Q

no ________, before 6 months

A 
no carrots
no beets
no squash
no beans
no spinach

bc of nitrates

21
Q

avoid honey until…

A

1 y.o.

22
Q

birth - month

nutritional pattern

A

eats Q2-3hr

  • breasts/bottle
  • 2-3oz/feed
23
Q

2 - 4 months

nutritional pattern

A

eats Q3-4hr
3-4oz/feed
-coordinated suck + swallow

24
Q

4 - 6 months

nutritional pattern

A

breask milk/formula >4x/day

4-5oz/feed

25
Q

6 - 8 months

nutritional pattern

A

eats baby food like rice cereal, fruits, vegetables,
2-5tbs
TID

26
Q

8 - 10 months

nutritional pattern

A

soft finger foods

TID

27
Q

10 - 12 months

nutritional pattern

A 
most soft table foods w family
TID
-cups w/o lids
-feeds self w spoon
-spills often
28
Q

Toddlers sit in…

A

highchair

29
Q

____ portion is most appealing to toddlers

A

small portions

30
Q

____ of each food per year of age for toddlers

A

1 tbs

31
Q

toddlers - milk

A

24-28 oz daily
~whole milk for 1-2 yo
~2% after 2yo

32
Q

toddlers - fruit juice

A

100% fruit juice

~4-6 oz daily for kids 1-6 yo

33
Q

physiologic anorexia

A
  • common in toddlers
  • extremely high metab demands of infancy slows to keep pace w moderate growth

-theyre fine

34
Q

encourage toddlers to ___to promote autonomy

A

self-feed

35
Q

Preschoolers tend to be ____ but are more willing to ______ by age of ____

A

picky eaters;
sample different foods;
5yo

36
Q

Food jags

A

eat only one food prepared the same way for a period of time

-offer other foods w their preferred food

37
Q

food jags are common in…

A

preschoolers

38
Q

Preadolescent growth spur is common in… and require…

A

girls (10-11yo) + boys (11-12yo)

increased nutrition needs

39
Q

teach children to prepare their own nutritious meal by…

A

using concrete pictures, samples of foods, videos, hand outs

40
Q

encourage school-age children…

A

freedom of choice + socialization

esp for hospitalized kids

41
Q

nutritional needs for adolescents is ______;

______ for bots, and even more if ____

A

> 2000cal/day

up to 3000 cal/day for boys

more if they play sports

42
Q

Why is single food prep baby foods preferred when introducing food

A

Bc less sugar, salt, fillers

Pediatrics (51 decks)

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