Skin Integrity Flashcards
Dermatitis
common in childhood
-mostly treated w no long-term consequences
Common Forms of Dermatitis
Contact Dermatitis
Diaper Dermatitis
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Contact Dermatitis
inflammation of skin in response to direct contact w allergen or irritant
Contact Dermatitis
education
no creams on open lesions
Contact Dermatitis
treatment
1 remove offending agent
2 use emollients to restore skin barrier
3 decr inflammation w hydrocortisone
4 antihistamine to relieve itching or for sedation
Diaper Dermatitis
primary reaction to:
- urine
- feces
- moisture
- friction
- chemicals
Diaper Dermatitis
treatment/mgmt
- change diaper Q2hr or immediately after wet
- allow infant to go w/o diapers lying on absorbent pad
Diaper Dermatitis;
topical corticosteroids are generally….
avoided
Impetigo
most common
highly contagious
-usually around mouth, hands, neck, extremities
Impetigo
manifestations
erosion of lesions forms HONEY COLORED CRUST
Impetigo
education
contagious until 24 hours after first dose of abx
Impetigo
prognosis
can lead to postinfectious streptococcal glomerulonephritis + celulitis
-usually doesnt leave scars
Folliculitis
inflammation of hair follicle
-caused by infection, trauma, or irritation
Cellulitis
inflamamtion of connective tissue + subcutanous tissue + dermis
Cellulitis
contact provider if…
- infected area spreads 1-2 days after tx
- fever>38.3
- lethargy
Oral Candidal Infection aka Thrush
usually fr c.albicans
-fr corticosteroid inhaler
Oral Candidal Infection aka Thrush
education
gentle attempts to remove patches will be unsuccessful
Oral Candidal Infection aka Thrush
treatment
oral nystatin or clotrimazole
-applied to mouth + tongue after feedings
to avoid drug reactions…
always check prior allergies
allergic drug reactions
clinical manifestations
-urticaria (hives) starts on trunk + extends in a symmetric fashion
- erythematous
- pruritic macules
- papules
erythema multiforme minor
- skin lesions may be preceded by fever, malaise, + upper resp symptoms
- may progress to blisters + bullous lesions
steven-johnson syndrome
PRODROMAL manifestations
- 1-7 days
- low grade fever
- pain
- malaise
- vomiting
- diarrhea
steven-johnson syndrome post prodromal manifestations
erythematous skin progresses into BLISTERS + BULLAE, then NECROTIC EPIDERMIS that SHEDS + WEEPS
steven-johnson syndrome:
erythematous skin progresses into _____ + _____, then ______ that ____ + _____
erythematous skin progresses into BLISTERS + BULLAE,
then NECROTIC EPIDERMIS
that SHEDS + WEEPS
steven-johnson syndrome:
mucous membranes have…
- blisters
- erosions
- ulcerations
- hemorrhagic crusting
- painful crusting + sloughing of lips + oral membrane
atopic dermatitis aka
eczema
atopic dermatitis aka eczema
chronic, relapsing, superficial inflammatory skin disorder
atopic dermatitis aka eczema can cause…
secondary bacterial infection from scratching
atopic dermatitis aka eczema
treatment
hydrate + lubricate skin
Minimize inflammatory response w corticosteroids
Pediculosis Capitis aka Lice
spreads thru hair to hair contact or by sharing hair accessories
Pediculosis Capitis aka Lice
treatment
- pediculicide shampoo
- ovicidal rinse
- remove nits w fine toothed comb, tweezers, basin filled water or isopropyl alcohol
- repeat in 7 days
Pediculosis Capitis aka Lice
bedding, towels, clothing
- changed daily
- washed in hot water
- dried in hot dryer for 20 mins
how long can lice survive away from host
3 days
Scabies
highly contagious infestation of
SARCOPTES SCABIEI
Scabies aka
SARCOPTES SCABIEI
description
- linear
- threadlike grayish burrow
- 1-10cm in. length
Scabies
treatment
5% permethrin lotion over entire body except face
- 8-14 hrs
- repeated in 1 week
Scabies
clothing + sheets
- daily change
- washed w hot water
- ironed
Burns
top 5 leading cause of injury + death in kids 1-14 yo
types of burns
thermal
chemical
electrical
radiation (sunlight)
most common type of burn
thermal burn
-from flames, scalds, contact w hot objects
Common burns in INFANTS
scalding liquids, house fires
Common burns in TODDLERS
thermal burns (pulling hot liquids onto themselves)
electrical burns (biting cables)
contact burns
chem burns fr ingesting batteries
Common burns in PRESCHOOLERS
scalding or contact w hot appliance
Common burns in
SCHOOL AGE
thermal burns
electrical burns
chemical burns fr combustion experiments
Common burns in
ADOLESCENTS
radiation burns fr sunbathing
priority assessment is airway when signs of ___ and ____
smoke inhalation
burns to face/neck present
Burns
treatment
- assess resp/airway
- IV fluid replacement esp in first 24hrs w isotonic solution
- pre-medicate for pain w wound care
