Alterations in Neuro 3 Flashcards
Cerebral Palsy
syndrome of mvmt + posture dvlpt disorders
- caused by lesions in brain
- can be fr meningitis, encephalitis, trauma
Cerebral Palsy
manifestations
- abnorm muscle tone
- lack of coordination
- difficult feeding
- poor sucking + swallowing coordination
2 types of Cerebral Palsy
Spastic
Dyskinetic
Spastic Cerebral Palsy
manifestations
««»>
- contracture
- persistent common new born reflexes
- abnorm muscle tone
- lack of coordination
- difficult feeding
- poor sucking + swallowing coordination
Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy
manifestations
-abnorm muscle tone affecting ENTIRE BODY
- lack of coordination
- difficult feeding
- poor sucking + swallowing coordination
Traumatic Brain Injury
blund force or penetrating injury to head
>disrupts norm brain functioning
Traumatic Brain Injury
primary injury
occurs at time of impact when initial cellular damage takes place
Traumatic Brain Injury
secondary injury
from response to primary injury:
- cerebral edema,
- inflammation,
- ischemia,
- incr ICP
Traumatic Brain Injury
secondary injury results in
> results in decr CPP, limits circulation, cause death of brain cells
Mild Brain Injury aka Concussion
manifestation
- slowness in thinking, acting, + speaking
- poor concentration
Moderate Brain Injury
manifestation
glasgow coma scale of 9-12
-loss of consciousness
Severe Brain Injury
manifestation
glasgow coma scale of 8 or less
-incr ICP
subdural hematoma
etiology
more common in infants less than 1 y.o.
subdural hematoma
manifestations
symptoms may occur 48-72hr after injury
- gradual change in LOC
- vomiting
child fell off operating table. 48 hrs later, change in loc + vomiting. what does he have?
epidural hematoma
etiology
rare in kids
epidural hematoma
manifestaions
rapid deterioration
most common TBI
cerebral contusion
Diffuse axonal Injury
manifestations
- immediate loss of consciousness
- unconscious lasting longer than 6 hr
- abnorm mvmt + posturing
- seizures
- incr ICP
- difficulty regulating BP + breathing
TBI may experience resp failure due to
herniation
TBI
replete volume…
as neeses
TBI position
15-30 degrees w neck straigh to help venous return fr brain
TBI
education
prevention of future events is important
Concussion
diagnostic + prognosis
-unremarkable radiographic imaging
-symptoms last 7-10 days
»»w even longer fill cognitive recovery
Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury aka
Drowning
leading cause of unintentional death
Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury aka Drowning
all submersion victims must be observed in hospital for…
6-8 hours
pt got ventriclueaperitoneal shunt. which is sign that shunt isnt working?
bulging fontanelle
other: gcs15, neg bradinski
