ATI 10 - Hospitalization, Illness, + Play Flashcards
Families are considered ____ when children are ill
clients
Separation anxiety manifests in 3 behavioral responses
1 Protest
2 Despair
3 Detachment
Protest
- screaming
- clinging to parents
- verbal + phys aggression toward strangers
Despair
- withdrawal fr others
- depression
- decr communicatn
- regression
Detachment
- interacting w strangers
- forming new relationships
- happy appearance
Level of Understanding
INFANT
- not able to describe illness
- cannot follow directions
- lack of understanding for the need of procedures
Level of Understanding
TODDLER
- limited ability to describe illness
- poorly dvlpd body image + boundaries
- limited understanding of need for procedures
- limited ability to follow directions
Level of Understanding
PRE-SCHOOLER
- limited understanding of illness but knows what illness feels like
- limited ability to describe manifestn
- fears r/t MAGICL THINKNG
- ability to understands cause + effect is inhibited by CONCRETE THINKNG
Level of Understanding
SCHOOL-AGED CHILD
- beginning awareness of body functn
- able to describe pain
- incr ability to understand cause + effect
Level of Understanding
ADOLESCENT
- incr ability to understand cause + effect
- perception of illness severity r/t degree of body image changes
impact of hospitalization
INFANT
- stranger anxiety bw 6-8 mo
- phys behaviors bc discomfort since they cant talk
- sleep deprivation r/t strange noise, monitoring device, + procedures
- anxiety r/t unfamiliar environmt + unknown
impact of hospitalization
TODDLER
- *separation anxiety**
- intense rxn to any type of procedure r/t intrusion of boundaries
- regression
impact of hospitalization
PRE-SCHOOL
- can experience separation anxiety
- can harbor fears of bodily harm
- might believe illness/hosptlztn is punishment
impact of hospitalization
SCHOOL-AGED CHIILD
- fear of loss of control
- seeks information (form of control)
- can sense when not being told the truth
- can experience stress r/t separation fr peers + regular routine
impact of hospitalization
ADOLESCENT
- dvlp body image disturbance
- embarrassed about losing control (but tries to maintain composure)
- feelings of isolation
- worries about outcome + impact on school/activities
- might not adhere to tx/med regimen bc peer influence
family responses
- fear/guilt for not bringing child sooner
- frustratn rt perceived inability to care for child
- worry re finances or other responsibilities
- fear rt lack of knowledge
- siblings experience jealousy, loneliness, guilt
INFANT interventions
- place bb whose parents are not there near nurse’ station so needs are quickly met
- provide consistency in assigning nurses
TODDLERS interventions
- encourage parents to provide routine care (diapers/feedings)
- encourage autonomy by offering choices
- provide consistency in assigning nurses
PRESCHOOLERS interventions
- explain procedures using simple, clear language
- encourage independence by letting them self-care
- encourage to express feelings
- validate fears + concerns
- toys that allow emo exprssn (pounding board)
- consistency in nurses
- allow choices (cup or spoon for meds)
- allow handling of equipment
SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN interventions
- provide factual info
- encourage exprssn of feel
- maintain norm routine incl schoolwork
- encourage contact w peer group
ADOLESCENT interventions
- factual info
- include child in planning of care to provide sense of control
- encourage contact w peer group
Content of Play [6]
1 social affective 2 sense pleasure 3 skill 4 unoccupied behavior 5 dramatic 6 games
social affective play
taking pleasure in relationships
sense-pleasure play
objects in environt catching child’s attention
skill play
demonstrating new abilities
unoccupied behavior play
focusing attention on something of interest
dramatic play
pretending or fantasizing
games
imitative, formal, or competitive
Social Characters of Play [5]
1 onlooker 2 solitary 3 parallel 4 associative 5 team play
onlooker
child observes others
parallel
children playing INDEPENDENTLY but among others
toddlers
associative
children playing together
- WITHOUT ORGANIZATION
- preschoolers*
team play
organized playing in groups
school aged children*
play activities
infant [birth - 3 mo]
colorful moving mobiles
music/sound boxes
play activities
infant [3-6 mo]
noise making objects
soft toys
play activities
infant [6-9 mo]
teething toys
social interactions
play activities
infant [9-12 mo]
large blocks
toys that pop apart
push/pull toys
play activities
toddlers
- cloth books
- large puzzles
- large crayon + paper
- push/pull toys
- balls
- *tricycles**
- educatnl + age approp shows/videos
play activities
preschoolers
- imitative + imaginative play
- drawing, painting
- riding tricycle
- jumping, running
- educatnl + age approp shows/videos
play activities
school-aged child
- games (alone or w another person)
- **team sports
- muscl instrmnt
- art+crafts
- collections
play activities
adolescent
- team sports
- school activities
- reading
- listening to music
- peer interaction
therapeutic play
- make use of dolls/stuffd animals
- encourage acting out feels
- enables coping strategies
- assist in gaining cooperation w procedures
