Injuries to the Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

3 types of injuries

Answer 1

Strain
Sprain
Dislocation

Question 2

Strain

Answer 2

stretching or tearing of either MUSCLE or TENDONS

-usually caused fr overuse

Question 3

Strain manifestations

Answer 3

varies according to type

acute or chronic

Question 4

Strain therapy

Answer 4

rest + support

-stop exacerbating activity

Question 5

Sprain

Answer 5

stretching or tearing of a ligament

-usually caused by traumatic injury

Question 6

Sprain manifestations

Answer 6

• edema
• joint immobility
• pain

Question 7

Sprain therapy

Answer 7

RICE first 24-36hr

then gradually incr activity

Question 8

RICE

Answer 8

rest
ice
compression
elevation

Question 9

Dislocation

Answer 9

complete displacement of an articular joint surface

-usually caused by traumatic injury to shoulder, knee, or hip

Question 10

Dislocation manifestations

Answer 10

• pain + tendernss
• swelling + deformity
• instability of joint

Question 11

SHOULDER dislocation therapy

Answer 11

open or closed reduction

-then sling

Question 12

KNEE dislocation therapy

Answer 12

closed reduction w traction

then splint

Question 13

Complete/Transverse Fracture

Answer 13

break across entire section of a bone

bone is split into 2 or more fragments

Question 14

Open Fracture

Answer 14

broken bone PROTRUDES thru skin

-high risk for infection

Question 15

Greenstick Fracture

Answer 15

caused by compression force

-common in young kids

Question 16

Spiral Fracture

Answer 16

assoc w twisting force

-fracture coils around bone

Question 17

Closed Fracture

Answer 17

broken bone does not protrude thru skin

Question 18

Comminuted Fracture

Answer 18

assoc w high impact force

bone breaks into 3 or more segments

Question 19

Epiphyseal Fractures

Answer 19

• dangerous

- can cause growth disturbance

Question 20

Fractures

nursing actions

Answer 20

• ABC

- assess neurovascular status of injured extremity

Question 21

possible complication of fractures

Answer 21

compartment syndrome from splints + casts

Question 22

fractures in kids are not a big deal bc…

Answer 22

bone healing + remodeling is faster in children

Question 23

Compartment Syndrome

manifestations

Answer 23

5 P's
1 paresthesia
2 pain unrelieved by meds
3 pallor
4 paralysis
5 pulselessness

Question 24

Fracture Cast Care

Answer 24

• use palms of hands during drying

- don’t stick anything inside

Question 25

Traction

Answer 25

extended pulling force

Question 26

Buck Traction

Answer 26

• for knee immobilization

- keeps leg extended w/o hip flexion

Question 27

Buck Traction is applied…

Answer 27

to extremity in one direction (straight line) w SINGLE PULLEY SYSTEM

Question 28

Russel Traction

Answer 28

-for femur + lower leg fractures

Question 29

Russel Traction is applied..

Answer 29

on lower leg while knee is suspended in padded sling

-slightly flexed hips + knees are immobilized

Question 30

Halo Traction

Answer 30

halo type bar that encircled head w screws

Question 31

Halo Traction

education

Answer 31

ensure wrench is nearby to release rods readily in case CPR is needed
-move client as a unit w/o pressure to rods