Veins of lower limb

Question 1

Origin of anterior tibial vein

Answer 1

Formed by some veins from dorsal venous arch

Question 2

Origin of posterior tibial vein and fibular vein

Answer 2

Medial and lateral plantar veins (from plantar aspect of foot)

Question 3

Course of posterior tibial vein

Answer 3

Accompanies posterior tibial artery

Enters leg posterior to medial malleolus

Question 4

Origin of popliteal vein

Answer 4

Forms on posterior surface of knee Combination of:
Anterior tibial vein
Posterior tibial vein
Fibular vein

Question 5

Termination of popliteal vein

Answer 5

Popliteal vein enters thigh via adductor canal and continues as the femoral vein

Question 6

Course of femoral vein

Answer 6

Situated anteriorly and accompanies femoral artery

Question 7

Termination of femoral vein

Answer 7

Leaves thigh by passing under inguinal ligament

Continues as external iliac vein

Question 8

Course of deep vein of thigh/ profundus femoris vein

Answer 8

Deep vein of thigh drains blood from thigh muscles via perforating veins
Empties into distal section of femoral vein

Question 9

Course of superior and inferior gluteal veins

Answer 9

Drain blood from gluteal region

Empty into internal iliac vein

Question 10

Where are superficial veins located

Answer 10

Subcutaneous tissue

Question 11

What are the main superficial veins

Answer 11

Great sephanous vein

Small sephanous vein

Question 12

Origin of great sephanous vein

Answer 12

Formed by dorsal venous arch of foot and medial marginal vein of foot

Question 13

Course of great sephanous vein

Answer 13

Ascends up medial side of leg
Passes anteriorly over medial malleolus
Passes superficial to medial epicondyle of femur, hands breadth posterior to medial border of patella
Received tributaries from small superficial veins during ascent

Question 14

Termination of great sephanous vein

Answer 14

Drains into femoral vein at sephanous opening immediately inferior to inguinal ligament

Question 15

What procedure can great sephanous vein be used for

Answer 15

Coronary artery bypass

Question 16

Origin of small sephanous vein

Answer 16

Lateral marginal vein of foot and dorsal venous arch of foot

Question 17

Course of small sephanous vein

Answer 17

Ascends up posterior side of leg
Passes posteriorly over lateral malleolus along lateral border of calcaneal tendon
Moves between 2 heads of gastrocnemius muscle
Empties into popliteal vein within popliteal fossa

Question 18

What is varicose veins

Answer 18

Venous valves in legs become incompetent so blood flows from deep veins into superficial veins
This increases intraluminal pressure causing veins to be dilated and torturous

Question 19

Consequences of chronic varicose veins

Answer 19

Increased venous pressure damages cells causing blood to extrude into skin
This results in:
Brown pigmentation of surrounding tissue
Ulceration of surrounding tissue

Question 20

Treatment of varicose veins

Answer 20

Surgical movement of sephanous systems
Valve reconstruction
Tying off affected valves

Question 21

Where are deep veins located

Answer 21

Underneath deep fascia

Usually in same vascular sheath as major arteries

Question 22

What is Saphenous cutdown

Answer 22

Venipuncture or cannulation of great Saphenous vein if you can’t find another vein