Posterior thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What are the hamstrings innervated by

A

Sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

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2
Q

What are the muscles in the posterior thigh

A

Biceps femoris,
Semitendinosus,
Semimembranosus

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3
Q

Action of hamstrings

A

Flexion at knee and extension at hip

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4
Q

Origin of biceps femoris

A

Long head - Ischial tuberosity of pelvis

Short head - Linea aspera on posterior femur

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5
Q

Actions of biceps femoris

A

Knee flexion,
Hip extension,
Lateral rotation at hip and knee

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6
Q

Innervation of biceps femoris

A

Long head - tibial part of sciatic nerve

Short head - common fibular part of sciatic nerve

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7
Q

Origin of semitendinosus

A

Ischial tuberosity of pelvis

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8
Q

Attachment of biceps femoris

A

Head of fibula

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9
Q

Attachment of semitendinosus

A

Medial tibia

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10
Q

Actions of semitendinosus

A

Knee flexion,
Hip extension,
Medial rotation at hip and knee

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11
Q

Innervation of semitendinosus

A

Tibial part of sciatic nerve

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12
Q

Origin of semimembranosus

A

Ischial tuberosity of pelvis (more superiorly than others)

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13
Q

Attachment of semimembranosus

A

Medial tibial condyle

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14
Q

Action of semimembranosus

A

Knee flexion,
Hip extension,
Medial rotation at hip and knee

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15
Q

Innervation of semimembranosus

A

Tibial part of sciatic nerve

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16
Q

Posterior thigh muscles are more commonly known as

A

Hamstrings

17
Q

What muscle has a hamstring portion

A

Adductor Magnus

18
Q

What is a hamstring strain

A

Excessive stretch or tearing of muscle fibres in hamstrings, often seen in sports injuries (running and kicking)

19
Q

Likely consequence of hamstring strain

A

Rupture of surrounding blood vessels producing a haematoma, which is contained by overlying fascia lata

20
Q

Treatment of hamstring strain

A

RICE

Rest, ice, compression and elevation

21
Q

What’s an avulsion fracture

A

Fragment of bone breaks away from main body of bone

22
Q

Cause of ischial tuberosity avulsion fracture

A

Sports requiring rapid contraction and relaxation of hamstrings (sprinting, football and hurdling)

23
Q

What is an avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity

A

Hamstring tendons tear off piece of ischial tuberosity

24
Q

Treatment of ischial tuberosity avulsion fracture

A

Difficult to heal. May require surgery

25
Q

Grades of hamstring strains

A

Grade 1 - over stretching without tearing muscle
Grade 2 - partial tear
Grade 3 - severe/complete rupture (visible lump may be present)