Posterior thigh

Question 1

What are the hamstrings innervated by

Answer 1

Sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

Question 2

What are the muscles in the posterior thigh

Answer 2

Biceps femoris,
Semitendinosus,
Semimembranosus

Question 3

Action of hamstrings

Answer 3

Flexion at knee and extension at hip

Question 4

Origin of biceps femoris

Answer 4

Long head - Ischial tuberosity of pelvis

Short head - Linea aspera on posterior femur

Question 5

Actions of biceps femoris

Answer 5

Knee flexion,
Hip extension,
Lateral rotation at hip and knee

Question 6

Innervation of biceps femoris

Answer 6

Long head - tibial part of sciatic nerve

Short head - common fibular part of sciatic nerve

Question 7

Origin of semitendinosus

Answer 7

Ischial tuberosity of pelvis

Question 8

Attachment of biceps femoris

Answer 8

Head of fibula

Question 9

Attachment of semitendinosus

Answer 9

Medial tibia

Question 10

Actions of semitendinosus

Answer 10

Knee flexion,
Hip extension,
Medial rotation at hip and knee

Question 11

Innervation of semitendinosus

Answer 11

Tibial part of sciatic nerve

Question 12

Origin of semimembranosus

Answer 12

Ischial tuberosity of pelvis (more superiorly than others)

Question 13

Attachment of semimembranosus

Answer 13

Medial tibial condyle

Question 14

Action of semimembranosus

Answer 14

Knee flexion,
Hip extension,
Medial rotation at hip and knee

Question 15

Innervation of semimembranosus

Answer 15

Tibial part of sciatic nerve

Question 16

Posterior thigh muscles are more commonly known as

Answer 16

Hamstrings

Question 17

What muscle has a hamstring portion

Answer 17

Adductor Magnus

Question 18

What is a hamstring strain

Answer 18

Excessive stretch or tearing of muscle fibres in hamstrings, often seen in sports injuries (running and kicking)

Question 19

Likely consequence of hamstring strain

Answer 19

Rupture of surrounding blood vessels producing a haematoma, which is contained by overlying fascia lata

Question 20

Treatment of hamstring strain

Answer 20

RICE

Rest, ice, compression and elevation

Question 21

What’s an avulsion fracture

Answer 21

Fragment of bone breaks away from main body of bone

Question 22

Cause of ischial tuberosity avulsion fracture

Answer 22

Sports requiring rapid contraction and relaxation of hamstrings (sprinting, football and hurdling)

Question 23

What is an avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity

Answer 23

Hamstring tendons tear off piece of ischial tuberosity

Question 24

Treatment of ischial tuberosity avulsion fracture

Answer 24

Difficult to heal. May require surgery

Question 25

Grades of hamstring strains

Answer 25

Grade 1 - over stretching without tearing muscle
Grade 2 - partial tear
Grade 3 - severe/complete rupture (visible lump may be present)