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MSK > Dermatomes and myotomes > Flashcards

Dermatomes and myotomes Flashcards

1
Q

What does the sclerotome give rise to

A

Vertebrae and ribs

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2
Q

What forms the dermatomyotome

A

Dorsal surface of somites

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3
Q

What does the dermatomyotome give rise to

A

Dermis and muscle

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4
Q

What is a neural level

A

Neural segment of the CNS

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5
Q

Development of DMT Innervation

A

DMT develops in association with a specific neural level and takes nerve supply from the neural tube with it as a spinal (segmental) nerve

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6
Q

What are spinal nerves

A

Parallel bundles of motor and sensory axons encased in CT

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7
Q

What divides CNS and PNS

A

Intervertebral foramen

This marks termination of spinal nerves

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8
Q

How many spinal nerves exist

A

31 pairs

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9
Q

How are spinal nerves named

A

According to level of vertebral column from which it emerges

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10
Q

What do spinal nerve roots connect

A

Each spinal nerve to a segment of the spinal cord

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11
Q

What do dorsal and ventral roots contain

A

Dorsal - afferent nerve fibres

Ventral - efferent nerve fibres

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12
Q

What is the dorsal root ganglion

A

Collection of cell bodies of afferent neurones in the PNS

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13
Q

Where does the spinal cord run from and to

A

Start - inferior margin of medulla oblongata

End - conus medullaris at L2

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14
Q

Where do the long roots of lumbar sacral and coccygeal segments descend before exiting at respective intervertebral foramina

A

Cauda equina

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15
Q

Where do C1 spinal nerves emerge

A

Between occipital bone and atlas

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16
Q

Where do C2-7 spinal nerves emerge

A

Above their corresponding vertebrae

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17
Q

Where does C8 spinal nerve emerge

A

Between vertebrae of C7 and T1

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18
Q

Where do T1-L5 spinal nerves emerge

A

Below their corresponding vertebrae

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19
Q

Where do S1-4 spinal nerves emerge

A

Via 4 pairs of sacral foramina

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20
Q

Where do S5 and Co1 spinal nerves emerge

A

Via sacral hiatus

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21
Q

What do spinal nerves divide into

A

Posterior and anterior rami

Meningeal branch

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22
Q

What does the posterior rami supply

A

Deep muscles and skin of dorsal trunk

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23
Q

What does the anterior rami supply

A

Muscles and skin of limbs, lateral trunk and ventral trunk

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24
Q

Course of meningeal branch of spinal nerves

A

Re-enters spinal canal through intervertebral foramina

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25
Q

What do the meningeal branches of spinal nerves supply

A

Vertebrae
Ligaments
BVs
Meninges

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26
Q

What’s an axial line

A

Junction between 2 adjacent dermatomes that are supplied from discontinuous spinal levels

27
Q

What axial lines do limbs have

A

Anterior and posterior

28
Q

What do axial lines mark

A

Centre of either the pre-axial or post-axial compartments of limbs

29
Q

What are the boundaries of pre and post axial compartments marked by

A

Veins

30
Q

Definition of dermatome

A

Strip of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve that can be examined clinically

31
Q

Definition of myotome

A

Group of muscles innervated by a single spinal nerve that can be examined clinically

32
Q

What is a peripheral nerve territory

A

Area of skin supplied by a single peripheral nerve

Within a peripheral nerve there may be fibres from more than 1 spinal nerve

33
Q

What’s the scientific name for shingles

A

Herpes zoster

34
Q

Why does herpes zoster affect one dermatome

A

Chickenpox virus travels through a cutaneous nerve and remains dormant in a dorsal root ganglion
When host is immunosuppressed, the virus reactivates and travels through a peripheral nerve to the skin of a single dermatome

35
Q

What forms the sclerotome

A

Ventral surface of somites

36
Q

What is the neural level of injury

A

Lowest level of full sensation and function

37
Q

Spinal roots responsible for lateral rotation of shoulder

A

C5

38
Q

Spinal roots responsible for medial rotation of shoulder

A

C6-8

39
Q

Spinal roots responsible for Flexion at shoulder

A

C5

40
Q

Spinal roots responsible for extension at shoulder

A

C6-8

41
Q

Spinal roots responsible for abduction at shoulder

A

C5

42
Q

Spinal roots responsible for adduction at shoulder

A

C6-8

43
Q

Spinal roots responsible for supination

A

C6

44
Q

Spinal roots responsible for pronation

A

C7-8

45
Q

Spinal roots responsible for Flexion at elbow

A

C5-6

46
Q

Spinal roots responsible for extension at elbow

A

C6-7

47
Q

Spinal roots responsible for Flexion at wrist

A

C6-7

48
Q

Spinal roots responsible for extension at wrist

A

C7-8

49
Q

Spinal roots responsible for abduction and adduction of digits

A

T1

50
Q

Spinal roots responsible for extension of fingers

A

C7-8

51
Q

Spinal roots responsible for Flexion of fingers

A

C6-8

52
Q

Spinal roots responsible for lateral rotation at hip

A

L5 and S1

53
Q

Spinal roots responsible for medial rotation at hip

A

L1-3

54
Q

Spinal roots responsible for adduction at hip

A

L1-3

55
Q

Spinal roots responsible for abduction at hip

A

L5 and S1

56
Q

Spinal roots responsible for Flexion at hip

A

L2-3

57
Q

Spinal roots responsible for extension at hip

A

L4-5

58
Q

Spinal roots responsible for Flexion at knee

A

L5 and S1

59
Q

Spinal roots responsible for extension at knee

A

L3-4

60
Q

Spinal roots responsible for dorsiflexion

A

L4-5

L5 and S1 for metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints

61
Q

Spinal roots responsible for plantarflexion

A

S1-2

62
Q

Spinal roots responsible for eversion

A

L5 and S1

63
Q

Spinal roots responsible for inversion

A

L4-5

MSK (87 decks)

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