Shoulder joint Flashcards
What are the articular surfaces covered with
Hyaline cartilage
What deepens the glenoid fossa
Glenoid labrum
What increases stability of shoulder joint
Rotator cuff muscles, deltoid, long head of biceps brachii, long head of triceps brachii, Ligaments, Joint capsule
Where is the subacromial bursa
Inferior to deltoid and acromion
Superior to supraspinatus tendon and joint capsule
What movements does subacromial bursa facilitate
Supraspinatus tendon under coracoacromial arch,
Deltoid muscle over capsule and greater tubercle of humerus
Where is the subscapular bursa
Between subscapularis tendon and scapula
What movement does the subscapular bursa facilitate
Subscapularis tendon over scapula
Where is the coracoacromial ligament
Between acromion and coracoid process
Where is coracohumeral ligament
Attaches base of coracoid process to greater tubercle
Where is transverse humeral ligament
Attaches the tubercles of humerus
It holds the long head biceps tendon in Intertubercular groove during shoulder movement
Where are the superior, middle and inferior glenohumeral ligaments
Between glenoid labrum and humerus
What makes the coracoacromial arch
Coracoacromial ligament, acromion and coracoid process
What does the CAA prevent
Superior displacement of humeral head
Articulating surfaces at shoulder joint
Glenoid cavity of scapula
Head of humerus
How big is the gap between acromion and humerus head
1-1.5cm
What is in the gap between acromion and humerus head
Subacromial bursa,
rotator cuff tendons,
capsule,
long head tendon of biceps
Arterial supply
Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries,
Suprascapular artery
Nervous supply
Axillary, Suprascapular and lateral pectoral nerves
Roots C5+ C6
When are the axilllary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery vulnerable
Intramuscular injection into deltoid,
Surgical neck fracture,
Shoulder dislocation
What occurs in painful arc syndrome
Inflammation of supraspinatus tendon/ subacromial bursa causes the supraspinatus tendon to rub under the CAA during abduction
Predisposing factors for painful arc syndrome
Old age, certain anatomical differences, repetitive overuse, avascularity of supraspinatus tendon
How are shoulder dislocations named
By position of humeral head in relation to infraglenoid tubercle
How are anterior dislocations usually caused
Excessive extension and lateral rotation of humerus at shoulder
What is associated with increased risk of future dislocations
Tearing of joint capsule and/or rotator cuff tendons
What nerves can be damaged by shoulder dislocations
Most likely Axillary nerve
Can stretch radial nerve
