UTS Reviewer midterm part 1 Flashcards
He describes innate ideas as “some
primary notions… characters as it
were stamped upon the Mind of
Man, which the Soul receives in its
very first Being, and brings into the
world with it.
John Locke
He considered as the “father of Modern Philosophy”
He asserted that everything
perceived by the sense could not be
used as proof of existence because
human sense could be fooled.
Rene Descartes
Problem of universal known also as
Platonic Realism or Platonic
Idealism
He also introduces the Platonic love
and the Platonic solids.
Plato
“ Physical Body is an important part of the Self”
Emphasizing the body as the primary site of knowing the world known as Embodied Subjectivity.
MAURICE MARLEAU-PONTY
Rational Intellect
and your Psychological State
Inner self
is part conscious and part unconscious; if we feel guilty and don’t know why, it’s caused by the unconscious part
Superego
one of the most influential of enlightenment
thinkers and commonly known as the
“father of Liberism.”
John Locke
senses and the
physical world
Outer self
Accused of impiety or lack of reverence for the Gods and for corrupting the minds of the youth.
Socrates
Theory of Forms known by pure reason is his most famous contribution
Plato
Constant
Ex. Humans yet sense and understood
The Invisible
Three parts of the soul
The Appetitive (sensual) /diaphragm
The Rational (reasoning) / brain
The spirited (feeling) / heart
At the end of the seventeenth
century, he was one of the greatest
philosophers in Europe
Considered as the first one of the
great English Empiricist.
John Locke
Western Philosopher to promote
what has come to be “The argument
by Analogy”
St. Augustine
Contains moral values; not rational;
doesn’t care about consequences
(like id)
Superego
The visible
The Invisible
Two kinds of Existence
Changes
Ex. Body
The Visible
It is a conscious, thinking substance that is unaffected by time.
The Soul
__________..
Comes from a greek word “_____”
which means “____” and “_____”
means “______.”
PHILOSOPHY
Philos, love
sophia, wisdom
everything we area ware of at the moment; just the “tip of the iceberg”
Conscious:
It is a material substance that changes through time. It is made up of physical.
The Body:
According to him, Human mind at
Birth is a Tabula Rasa, which means
that knowledge is derived from
existence.
John Locke
Less forcible and less lively counterparts of
impressions. Copy and reproduce sense data formulated base on previously perceived impressions.
ideas
“Self” is merely made up of
Successive Impression
A Scottish Philosopher, Economist
and Historian during the Age of
Enlightenment.
he is identified with the Bundle
Theory wherein he described the “self” or person as a bundle or collection of different
perception that are moving in a very fast and successive manner
David Hume
Logical, rational
● Executive of personality: determines
where, when, and how impulses are
expressed.
● Goal: to satisfy the id in ways that
are socially and morally acceptable.
This requires use of the…
● Reality principle: tendency to delay
gratification of impulses until they
can be expressed in socially and
morally accepted ways.
Ego
Central Figure in Modern Philosophy
view of the “self” is transcendental, which means the “self” is related to a spiritual or
nonphysical realms.
He proposed that knowledge bridges the “self” and the material things together
Immanuel Kant
–seeks immediate gratification of impulses
regardless of consequences.
–reduction in tension. Tension increases if we don’t release energy from impulses
–sexual energy that fuels the entire personality; needed for everyday life.
Pleasure principle:
Pleasure
Libido
Noticed patients’ physical symptoms
seemed to have mental base
He began to get the idea that most
of the forces at work were
unconscious
From this came the foundations for a
theory of personality
SIGMUND FREUD
“The Physical brain and NOT the imaginary mind gives us our sense of self”.
His philosophy stands on a materialistic view or the belief that nothing but matter exist.
he’s idea is called Eliminative Materialism or the claim that people
common-sense understanding the mind (or Folk Psychology- Theory of
Mind) is false, and that certain classes of mental states which most people
believe in do not exist.
PAUL CHURCHLAND
To know thyself is the beginning of
wisdom”
Socrates
Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory
Three Levels of the Mind
Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious
Humans are born without knowledge
- no innate ideas
John Locke
memories that we can bring to consciousness.
Preconscious:
According to him, the “soul” is the
most divine aspect of the human
being.
Plato
A part conscious and part unconscious. The unconscious part distorts our perceptions of reality (including ourselves).
Ego
is the mental process by which a person make sense of an idea by assimilating it to the body of ideas he or she already possesses.
Apperception
Most strong perceptions. These are
directly experienced.
Impression
memories, wishes, and instincts (desires) that are too threatening or painful to bring to consciousness.
Unconscious:
memories of behaviors for which we have
been praised or rewarded; repeating them gives us feelings of pride
Ego ideal
Two groups of Mind’s Perception
Impression
Ideas
“Cogito Ergo Sum”
“I think, Therefore I am”
Can be translated to Love of
Knowledge or Passion for Learning
Philosophy
Freud’s Psychoanalysis: The Structure
of Personality
- Id - unconscious
- Ego - unconscious, preconscious,
conscious - Superego - unconscious,
preconscious, conscious
Known for his method of inquiry in
testing idea. This is called “Socratic
Method”
Socrates
Contains life instincts (sex, hunger,
thirst, etc.) and death instincts
Everything in the ______ is unconscious (intensity of desires, goals that would give the most satisfaction).
Id
Tabula Rasa means
“blank slate”
He wrote The Concept of Mind (1949) where he rejected the notion that mental states are separable from physical states.
GILBERT RYLE
The term PHILOSOPHY was likely instituted by…
Pythagoras
Inner self
Outer self
Two Components of the self
memories of behaviors that have been
punished; if we repeat these actions, we feel guilt
Conscience
