Urinary System

Question 1

Hi

Answer 1

HI

Question 2

What is the function of the urinary system?

Answer 2

• Eliminates metabolic waste and biologically active molecules
• Regulates ion levels, bp, and acid-base balance
• Produces important hormones like calcitriol and erythropoietin

Question 3

Erythropoietin is an hormone that

Answer 3

Stimulates blood cell production

Question 4

PTH stimulates

Answer 4

Osteoclast activity

Question 5

PTH stimulates

Answer 5

Osteoclast activity

Question 6

PTH stimulates the kidneys to

Answer 6

Produce calcitriol

Question 7

The Kidney is a group of paired organs covered by the

Answer 7

Adrenal gland

Question 8

What brings blood into the kidney?

Answer 8

Renal artery

Question 9

What takes blood away from the kidney?

Answer 9

Renal vein

Question 10

What is the function of the Ureter?

Answer 10

They transport urine from kidney to the bladder

Question 11

What is the function of the Ureter?

Answer 11

They transport urine from kidney to the bladder

Question 12

What is the function of the Urinary bladder?

Answer 12

It stores bladder until ready for excretion

Question 13

The Urethra is a tube which

Answer 13

Delivers urine from bladder to outside of the body

Question 14

The sperm is transported via

Answer 14

Urethra

Question 15

What are the connective tissues of the kidney?

Answer 15

• Renal Fascia
• Perirenal Fat Capsule
• Fibrous Capsule

Question 16

The Renal Fascia is the outermost tissue that

Answer 16

Anchors adrenal glands to the kidney

Question 17

What is the function of the Renal Fascia?

Answer 17

It is dense connective tissue that anchors kidneys to organs

Question 18

The Perirenal Fat Capsule is what

Answer 18

Surrounds the kidneys

Question 19

What is the function of the Perirenal Fat Capsule?

Answer 19

Provides cushioning / support / stabilization

Question 20

What does the Fibrous Capsule prevent?

Answer 20

The spread of infectious pathogens

Question 21

What does the Fibrous Capsule prevent?

Answer 21

The spread of infectious pathogens

Question 22

What are the three main regions of the Kidney?

Answer 22

• Renal Cortex
• Renal Medulla
• Renal Pelvis

Question 23

The Renal Cortex is the

Answer 23

Outermost layer of the kidney

Question 24

The Renal Medulla has structures that

Answer 24

Make urine

Question 25

The Renal Medulla has structures that

Answer 25

Make urine

Question 26

The Renal Pelvis is where

Answer 26

Urine is stored

Question 27

What is the function of the Renal Pelvis?

Answer 27

It sends urine down the ureters

Question 28

The Nephron is the structural unit of the Kidney that

Answer 28

Helps in urine formation

Question 29

The first part of the nephron is the

Answer 29

Renal Corpuscle

Question 30

The Renal Corpuscle contains

Answer 30

Glomerulus and glomerular capsule / Bowman’s Capsule

Question 31

The Renal Tubule of the Nephron has

Answer 31

Three sections

Question 32

What are the three sections of the Renal Tubule?

Answer 32

- Proximal convoluted tubule - nephron loop - Distal convoluted tubule

Question 33

What is the Glomerulus?

Answer 33

Capillary bed where blood gets filtered

Question 34

The Glomerulus is surrounded by the

Answer 34

Bowman’s Capsule

Question 35

The Glomerulus is made of

Answer 35

Fenestrated capillaries

Question 36

What is the function of the Fenestrated capillaries of the Glomerulus?

Answer 36

Allows for blood to get filtered and collect into Glomerular Space and move into proximal convoluted tubule

Question 37

What brings blood into the Glomerulus?

Answer 37

Afferent arteriole

Question 38

How does blood move through the nephron?

Answer 38

arteriole → capillary bed → arteriole → capillary bed → vein

Question 39

The Glomerular Capsule has a layer that

Answer 39

Lies on top of capillaries

Question 40

The Proximal Convoluted Tubules allow for

Answer 40

Things to get added and removed out of filtrate

Question 41

Blood gets filtered and collects in

Answer 41

The Bowman's Capsule

Question 42

What are two types of Nephrons?

Answer 42

- Cortical | - Juxtamedullary

Question 43

What are two types of Nephrons?

Answer 43

- Cortical | - Juxtamedullary

Question 44

The Cortical Nephron is one that has a

Answer 44

Shorter Nephron Loop

Question 45

The Juxtamedullary Nephron is one that has a

Answer 45

Longer Nephron Loop

Question 46

Where is the Capsule in the Cortical Nephron?

Answer 46

Farther up in the cortex

Question 47

Where is the Capsule in the Juxtamedullary Nephron?

Answer 47

Next to the medulla

Question 48

A Longer nephron loop contains

Answer 48

More concentrated urine

Question 49

Collecting ducts give the medulla its

Answer 49

Striped appearance

Question 50

Multiple nephrons drain into

Answer 50

Collecting ducts

Question 51

What happens before filtrate becomes urine?

Answer 51

Ducts do final adjustment of filtrate

Question 52

The collecting ducts allow us to control

Answer 52

How much we pee

Question 53

Ducts have aquaporins which allow for

Answer 53

Water to move across the plasma membrane

Question 54

Facultative water absorption only happens when

Answer 54

Conditions are right

Question 55

Drinking alcohol interferes with the

Answer 55

Release of antidiuretic hormones

Question 56

What happens when there is an interference with the release of antidiuretic hormones?

Answer 56

Body does not get signal to insert aquaporins, preventing water from being transported

Question 57

When dehydrated, the body releases

Answer 57

Antidiuretic hormones

Question 58

Antidiuretic hormones get inserted and allow for

Answer 58

Water to get absorbed by the capillaries

Question 59

The Juxtaglomerular Apparatus is a collection of

Answer 59

Specialized cells that regulate filtration rate

Question 60

The Juxtaglomerular Apparatus regulates filtrate rate via

Answer 60

Adjusting diameter of afferent arteriole

Question 61

The diameter of the afferent arteriole determines

Answer 61

How much blood is flowing into the glomerulus