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Anatomy > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Hi

A

HI

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2
Q

What is the function of the urinary system?

A
  • Eliminates metabolic waste and biologically active molecules
  • Regulates ion levels, bp, and acid-base balance
  • Produces important hormones like calcitriol and erythropoietin
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3
Q

Erythropoietin is an hormone that

A

Stimulates blood cell production

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4
Q

PTH stimulates

A

Osteoclast activity

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5
Q

PTH stimulates

A

Osteoclast activity

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6
Q

PTH stimulates the kidneys to

A

Produce calcitriol

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7
Q

The Kidney is a group of paired organs covered by the

A

Adrenal gland

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8
Q

What brings blood into the kidney?

A

Renal artery

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9
Q

What takes blood away from the kidney?

A

Renal vein

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10
Q

What is the function of the Ureter?

A

They transport urine from kidney to the bladder

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11
Q

What is the function of the Ureter?

A

They transport urine from kidney to the bladder

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12
Q

What is the function of the Urinary bladder?

A

It stores bladder until ready for excretion

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13
Q

The Urethra is a tube which

A

Delivers urine from bladder to outside of the body

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14
Q

The sperm is transported via

A

Urethra

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15
Q

What are the connective tissues of the kidney?

A
  • Renal Fascia
  • Perirenal Fat Capsule
  • Fibrous Capsule
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16
Q

The Renal Fascia is the outermost tissue that

A

Anchors adrenal glands to the kidney

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17
Q

What is the function of the Renal Fascia?

A

It is dense connective tissue that anchors kidneys to organs

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18
Q

The Perirenal Fat Capsule is what

A

Surrounds the kidneys

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19
Q

What is the function of the Perirenal Fat Capsule?

A

Provides cushioning / support / stabilization

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20
Q

What does the Fibrous Capsule prevent?

A

The spread of infectious pathogens

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21
Q

What does the Fibrous Capsule prevent?

A

The spread of infectious pathogens

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22
Q

What are the three main regions of the Kidney?

A
  • Renal Cortex
  • Renal Medulla
  • Renal Pelvis
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23
Q

The Renal Cortex is the

A

Outermost layer of the kidney

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24
Q

The Renal Medulla has structures that

A

Make urine

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25
Q

The Renal Medulla has structures that

A

Make urine

26
Q

The Renal Pelvis is where

A

Urine is stored

27
Q

What is the function of the Renal Pelvis?

A

It sends urine down the ureters

28
Q

The Nephron is the structural unit of the Kidney that

A

Helps in urine formation

29
Q

The first part of the nephron is the

A

Renal Corpuscle

30
Q

The Renal Corpuscle contains

A

Glomerulus and glomerular capsule / Bowman’s Capsule

31
Q

The Renal Tubule of the Nephron has

A

Three sections

32
Q

What are the three sections of the Renal Tubule?

A
  • Proximal convoluted tubule
  • nephron loop
  • Distal convoluted tubule
33
Q

What is the Glomerulus?

A

Capillary bed where blood gets filtered

34
Q

The Glomerulus is surrounded by the

A

Bowman’s Capsule

35
Q

The Glomerulus is made of

A

Fenestrated capillaries

36
Q

What is the function of the Fenestrated capillaries of the Glomerulus?

A

Allows for blood to get filtered and collect into Glomerular Space and move into proximal convoluted tubule

37
Q

What brings blood into the Glomerulus?

A

Afferent arteriole

38
Q

How does blood move through the nephron?

A

arteriole → capillary bed → arteriole → capillary bed → vein

39
Q

The Glomerular Capsule has a layer that

A

Lies on top of capillaries

40
Q

The Proximal Convoluted Tubules allow for

A

Things to get added and removed out of filtrate

41
Q

Blood gets filtered and collects in

A

The Bowman’s Capsule

42
Q

What are two types of Nephrons?

A
  • Cortical

- Juxtamedullary

43
Q

What are two types of Nephrons?

A
  • Cortical

- Juxtamedullary

44
Q

The Cortical Nephron is one that has a

A

Shorter Nephron Loop

45
Q

The Juxtamedullary Nephron is one that has a

A

Longer Nephron Loop

46
Q

Where is the Capsule in the Cortical Nephron?

A

Farther up in the cortex

47
Q

Where is the Capsule in the Juxtamedullary Nephron?

A

Next to the medulla

48
Q

A Longer nephron loop contains

A

More concentrated urine

49
Q

Collecting ducts give the medulla its

A

Striped appearance

50
Q

Multiple nephrons drain into

A

Collecting ducts

51
Q

What happens before filtrate becomes urine?

A

Ducts do final adjustment of filtrate

52
Q

The collecting ducts allow us to control

A

How much we pee

53
Q

Ducts have aquaporins which allow for

A

Water to move across the plasma membrane

54
Q

Facultative water absorption only happens when

A

Conditions are right

55
Q

Drinking alcohol interferes with the

A

Release of antidiuretic hormones

56
Q

What happens when there is an interference with the release of antidiuretic hormones?

A

Body does not get signal to insert aquaporins, preventing water from being transported

57
Q

When dehydrated, the body releases

A

Antidiuretic hormones

58
Q

Antidiuretic hormones get inserted and allow for

A

Water to get absorbed by the capillaries

59
Q

The Juxtaglomerular Apparatus is a collection of

A

Specialized cells that regulate filtration rate

60
Q

The Juxtaglomerular Apparatus regulates filtrate rate via

A

Adjusting diameter of afferent arteriole

61
Q

The diameter of the afferent arteriole determines

A

How much blood is flowing into the glomerulus

Anatomy (46 decks)

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