Nutrition Flashcards
Humans are heterotrophs, so they get food from
External sources
Metabolism is the relationship of
Chemical reactions involved in the maintenance of the living state of both cells and the organisms
Metabolism can be categorized as
Anabolic and Catabolic
Catabolic Metabolism is
Digestion, or the breaking complex molecules
Anabolic Metabolism is
Building complex molecules from simpler ones
When bonds in food break, there is
Energy released from the bonds to do work
Macronutrients are nutrients combined in
Large quantities
What are examples of Macronutrients?
- Protein
- Lipids
- Carbs
Macronutrients can be either
Complete or Incomplete
What are complete macronutrients?
Ones which provide all 8 essential AAs
What are incomplete macronutrients?
Ones which do not provide all building blocks needed
Most animal fats are examples of
Complete macronutrients
Carbs come in forms of
Sugars, starches, fibers
Starches are
Polysaccharides of glucose molecules within certain foods
Fibers can’t be
Chemically digested and absorbed by the GI tract
What is the function of fiber?
It helps propel stuff through GI tract, allowing SI to push things through
Lipids are nonpolar molecules used to
Store energy
Humans store fats in
Adipose tissue, a type of connective tissue
Triglycerides, or fats, can be
- Saturated
- Unsaturated
- Trans
Saturated fats are ones which
Are solid at room temperature
Unsaturated fats are fluid at room temperature due to
One or more double bonds between Carbons
What are Trans fats?
Unsaturated fats that have been modified to be slightly saturated with hydrogen to extend shelf life
Cholesterol is a precursor for
- Steroid Hormones
- Sex Hormones
- Vitamin D
Vitamins are what kind of micronutrients?
Essential and organic compounds
