Reproductive System II Flashcards
The Seminal Gland produces
70% of semen
The Prostate Gland produces
25% of semen
The Bulbo-urethral Gland produces
Pre-cum, which is slightly alkaline
What is the function of the pre-cum being slightly alkaline?
- Helps neutralize any acidic traces of urine in urethra
- Prevents sperm from like dying
Pre-cum has mucin in it which allows for
Lubrication of the urethra
Accessory Glands are responsible for
Producing bulk of volume of semen
How many tubules are found in a lobe?
4-6 seminiferous tubules
How many lobes are found per testes?
250 lobes
Testicular Cancer is most common found in
Men 15-35
A Vasectomy is when the
Vas Deferens gets cut / ligated
What happens during ejaculation to prevent urine leaving the bladder?
A sphincter closes
Semen is the mixture of
Glandular fluid + sperm
Seminal fluid contains
Enzymes which cause coagulation and mobilization
Seminal fluid has fructose which provides energy for
Sperm
Seminal fluid has prostaglandins which allow for
Cervix to open
Semen is slightly
Alkaline
Erection is the act of
Enlargement and stiffening of the penis
What allows for the penis’ arterioles to relax during arousal?
Nitric oxide is released
What happens when the penis is relaxed?
The diameter widens and there is an increase in blood flow
Males have a refractory period, meaning that after ejaculation they are
Unable to respond to stimulus
Spermatogenesis is the process by which
Males make sperm
Spermatogenesis happens in the
Seminiferous tubules
Spermatogenesis involves both
Mitosis and Meiosis
Mitosis results in
2 identical daughter cells
Meiosis is the process of
Gamete formation
Spermatogenic cells (or spermatogonia) give rise to
Sperm
Mitosis of Spermatogonia forms
Two spermatocytes, which are diploid cells
Each mitotic division of Spermatogonia gives rise to
- One type A
- One type B
What happens to the formed Type A cell?
It stays behind and continues being stem cell, meaning it will divide again
What happens to the formed Type B cell?
It grows and becomes primary spermatocyte
What happens to the primary spermatocyte during Meiosis?
The spermatocytes form secondary spermatocytes
Meiosis I results in
Two secondary spermatocytes
What happens in Meiosis II?
Each secondary spermatocytes becomes two spermatids (with a total of 4)
Spermiogenesis is the process in which
Spermatids become sperm
The 4 produced spermatids then become
4 sperms
During the Spermiogenesis, what gets made?
- Acrosom
- Midpiece
- Elongated Nucleus
The Acrosom is important for fertilization because it
Contains enzymes which allow for the penetration of the egg
The Midpiece is the
Flagella of the sperm
The Midpiece has a
Mitochondria which power the tail
Sperm and egg production are under control of the
Endocrine System
Endocrine system is driven by the activity of the
Pituitary gland
The Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland contains which hormones?
Growth, thyroid, follicle stimulating hormones
Follicle stimulating and Luteinizing hormones are controlled by the
Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus releases GnRH which
Tells the Anterior to produce hormones
GnRH will bind to the
Anterior gonadotropic cells
