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Anatomy > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of arteries?

A

They carry blood away from the heart

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2
Q

What is the function of veins?

A

They carry blood to the heart

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3
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

The exchange either with other cells or air sacs in lungs

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4
Q

What are the layers of the heart wall?

A
  • Epicardium
  • Myocardium
  • Endocardium
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5
Q

What is the visceral layer of the pericardium?

A

The epicardium

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6
Q

What are the cardiac muscle cells of the pericardium?

A

Myocardium

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7
Q

What layer lines the heart chamber?

A

Endocardium

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8
Q

The interventricular septum is found between the

A

Right and left ventricles

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9
Q

The pulmonary semilunar valve is found between the

A

Right and left atria

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10
Q

The tricuspid valve is found on what side of the heart?

A

Right

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11
Q

The biscuspid / mitral valve is found on what side of the heart?

A

Left

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12
Q

The AV valves open when

A

The atrial pressure is greater than the ventricle pressure

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13
Q

What happens when the ventricles contract?

A

They close the AV valves

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14
Q

What prevents the AV valves to open into the atria?

A

The contraction of papillary muscles and the tightening of chordae tendineae

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15
Q

The AV valves close when

A

The atrial pressure is less than the ventricle pressure

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16
Q

The semilunar valves open when

A

Ventricles contract and have greater pressure

17
Q

When do the semilunar valves close?

A

When their cusps fill with blood

18
Q

What happens when one has Valvular stenosis?

A

There are stiff flaps which constrict opening, making the heart exert more force to pump blood

19
Q

What happens when one has an Incompetent valve?

A

Blood backflows so the heart repumps the same blood over and over again

20
Q

The coordinated heartbeat is a result of:

A
  • Gap junctions

- Cardiac conduction system

21
Q

In an AP, depolarization occurs when

A

Na+ ions come in

22
Q

In an AP, repolarization occurs when

A

K+ ions go out

23
Q

Why do heart muscle cells have longer refractory periods?

A

Prevents tetanic contraction

Anatomy (46 decks)

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