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Med Surg 1 > Upper Respiratory Disorders > Flashcards

Upper Respiratory Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

how to prevent respiratory infections

A

wash hands

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1
Q

biggest transmitter

A

kids

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2
Q

we should educate elderly to

A

get vaccinations

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3
Q

obstructive sleep apnea
defintion

A

recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction and reduction in ventilation

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4
Q

obstructive sleep apnea
risk factors

A

obesity
male gender
advanced age
post menopause

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5
Q

obstructive sleep apnea
clinical manifestions (3 s)

A

snoring
sleepiness (not getting quality rest)
significant other

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6
Q

obstructive sleep apnea
complications

A

HTN
MI
stroke

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7
Q

why might obstructive sleep apnea complications occur

A

SNS activation

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8
Q

obstructive sleep apnea
education

A

weight loss
avoid alcohol
positional (30 degrees)
CPAP
BiPAP

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9
Q

what occurs in obstructive sleep apnea when the SNS is acivated

A

increase HR
increase RR
vasoconstriction

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10
Q

what is epistaxis

A

nose bleed

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11
Q

epistaxis
IV

A

isotonic fluid
large bore
multiple
possible PRBC

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12
Q

epistaxis
risk factors

A

increase BP
injuries
blood thinners (elderly)
lack of clotting factors (hemophilia)
thrombocytopenia (decrease platelets)
liver failure (many clotting factors made in liver)

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13
Q

epistaxis
when is this serious

A

significant blood loss
air way compromise

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14
Q

epistaxis
treatment

A

vasoconstrictors
packing nasal cavity

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15
Q

epistaxis
head position

A

forward

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16
Q

epistaxis
site more likely to be intubated

A

posterior

17
Q

epistaxis
time before calling 911

A

5 mins

18
Q

epistaxis
assessment of bleeding

A

increase HR/RR
decrease BP
anxiety
decrease urine output
hemoglobin
turgor
pale
JVD
pulse paramters

19
Q

epistaxis
lab tests

A

INR and PTT (clotting)
CBC (H&H)

20
Q

epistaxis
patient teaching

A

avoid nasal trauma
nose picking
nose blowing
air humidification (dry air)
pressure on nose to stop bleeding
avoid spicy foods

21
Q

laryngeal obstruction
causes

A

allergies
forgien body
heavy alcohol consumption
history
use of ACEI
recent throat pain/fever
history of surgery/trache/NG tube

22
Q

laryngeal obstruction
clinical manifestations

A

lowered o2 stat
use of accessory muscles

23
Q

laryngeal obstruction
management

A

secure patent airway
continuous pulse ox

24
Q

laryngeal cancer
main symptom

A

hoarseness

25
Q

laryngeal cancer
risk

A

smoking and alcohol

26
Q

laryngeal cancer
signs and symptoms

A

early:
hoarsness
persistent cough
sore throat or pain, burning in throat
later:
dysphagia
persistent hoarseness
foul breath

27
Q

laryngeal cancer
medical diagnosis

A

history
physical exam
laryngoscopic exam
barium swallow
biopsy

28
Q

laryngeal cancer
medical treatment

A

radiation
chemo

29
Q

all surgery except for what one still prevserves the speaking ability

A

total

30
Q

with a total laryngectomy what does the patient have increased risk for

A

infection (no filtering air)
increase thickness in secretion (no humidifying air)

bypassing upper airway

31
Q

total layrnegectomy
teaching

A

preop
before stress and pain when patient can actually pay attention

32
Q

total layrnegectomy
communication

A

write
pictures

this reduces anxiety

33
Q

total layrnegectomy
pain control

A

PCA
prevent atelectasis, DVT, get up and be moble

34
Q

total layrnegectomy
nutrition

A

48-72 hours after we do swallow test

35
Q

total layrnegectomy
nutrition helps with

A

would healing
prevent infection

36
Q

total layrnegectomy
HOB

A

high fowlers

37
Q

signs and symptoms of resp difficulty

A

decrease pulse ox
change in mental status
resp sounds
increase RR
accessory muscle use
increase HR
stridor
lung sounds
anxiety
restlessness

38
Q

aspiration risk precautions

A

elevate HOB
check gastric residual
prevent stimulation of gag reflex

39
Q

are total layrnegectomy at risk for aspiration

A

no because the airway and esophagus are completely seperated

40
Q
A

Med Surg 1 (47 decks)

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