Upper Respiratory Disorders Flashcards
how to prevent respiratory infections
wash hands
biggest transmitter
kids
we should educate elderly to
get vaccinations
obstructive sleep apnea
defintion
recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction and reduction in ventilation
obstructive sleep apnea
risk factors
obesity
male gender
advanced age
post menopause
obstructive sleep apnea
clinical manifestions (3 s)
snoring
sleepiness (not getting quality rest)
significant other
obstructive sleep apnea
complications
HTN
MI
stroke
why might obstructive sleep apnea complications occur
SNS activation
obstructive sleep apnea
education
weight loss
avoid alcohol
positional (30 degrees)
CPAP
BiPAP
what occurs in obstructive sleep apnea when the SNS is acivated
increase HR
increase RR
vasoconstriction
what is epistaxis
nose bleed
epistaxis
IV
isotonic fluid
large bore
multiple
possible PRBC
epistaxis
risk factors
increase BP
injuries
blood thinners (elderly)
lack of clotting factors (hemophilia)
thrombocytopenia (decrease platelets)
liver failure (many clotting factors made in liver)
epistaxis
when is this serious
significant blood loss
air way compromise
epistaxis
treatment
vasoconstrictors
packing nasal cavity
epistaxis
head position
forward
epistaxis
site more likely to be intubated
posterior
epistaxis
time before calling 911
5 mins
epistaxis
assessment of bleeding
increase HR/RR
decrease BP
anxiety
decrease urine output
hemoglobin
turgor
pale
JVD
pulse paramters
epistaxis
lab tests
INR and PTT (clotting)
CBC (H&H)
epistaxis
patient teaching
avoid nasal trauma
nose picking
nose blowing
air humidification (dry air)
pressure on nose to stop bleeding
avoid spicy foods
laryngeal obstruction
causes
allergies
forgien body
heavy alcohol consumption
history
use of ACEI
recent throat pain/fever
history of surgery/trache/NG tube
laryngeal obstruction
clinical manifestations
lowered o2 stat
use of accessory muscles
laryngeal obstruction
management
secure patent airway
continuous pulse ox
