Hematology and Immunology Neutropenia and Bleeding Disorders Flashcards
medications that alter platelets
antihypertensives
penicillin
sulfa containing meds
aspirin based
NSAIDs
neutropenia
- defintion
decreased production or increased destruction of neutrophils
neutropenia
- risk
infection is biggest risk
neutropenia
- s/s of infection
not have the same response to infection
EX: might not always have a temp
neutropenia
- medical management
treatment depends on the cause
neutropenia
- precautions
reversal isolation
no flowers/fruit
private room
nurse wears mask/gloves
good hand hygiene
avoid crowded areas
thrombocytopenia
- variety of factors
decreased production in the bone marrow
increased destruction
increased consumption
thrombocytopenia
- clinical manifesations
increased risk of bleeding
thrombocytopenia
- patient safety and education
bleeding
no aspirin/antiplatelet
hemophilia
- what is it
inherited bleeding disorder
missing factor 8
hemophilia
- clinical manifesations
hemorrhages into various parts of the body
- joints
- head
hemophilia
- risk
bleeding and falls
hemophilia
- medical and nursing management
recumbent forms of factor 8 when patient actively bleeding or used prophylactically
hemophilia
- medications or foods to avoid
avoid NSAIDs, general supplements, alcohol
DIC
- definiton
altered hemostasis mechanism causes massive clotting in microcirculation, as clotting factors are consumed, bleeding occurs
DIC
- symptoms related to
tissue ischemia and bleeding
DIC
- triggers
sepsis
trauma
shock
cancer
abrupto placenta
toxins
allergic reactions
DIC
- treatment
underlying causes
correct tissue ischemia
replace fluids and electrolytes
maintain blood pressure
replace coagulation factors
DIC
- med
heparin
- stop bleeding
DIC
- how do we replace coagulation factors
PRBC
FFP
platelets
DIC
- complication
organ failures
DIC
- platelet count
low
DIC
- PT
high
DIC
- aPTT
high
DIC
- thrombin time
high
DIC
- fibrinogen
low
DIC
- d-dimer
high
DIC
- fibrin degradation products
high
unfrac heparin
- test
aPTT
unfrac heparin
- aPTT therapeutic
1.5-2.5 times control (~37-87)
unfrac heparin
- complication
heparin induced thrombocytopenia
heparin
- reversal
protamine sulfate
warfarin
- test
INR
warfarin
- INR therapeutic
2-3
warfarin
- reversal
vit K
