Final Exam Main Points Review Flashcards
priority for small bowel obstruction
IV fluids and then NG
warfarin and heparin what do we check before
INR/aPTT
abdominal aorta rupture s/s
flank hematoma
sudden severe low back pain
*pulsation doesn’t mean rupture
warfarin normal INR before surgery
1
INR of 4 on warfarin what would we do
hold the med/administer low dose until INR goes down
potassium of 3.3 or leukocytes in the stool
potassium
epistaxis positioning
upright with head tilted
hyerpnatremia fluid replacement
.45
head injury do not give what fluids
D5W
LGBTQ have increase prevalence of
heart disease
maintain elederly mobility
up to a chair
bone cancer
increase calcium
vomiting what med
antiemetic
proton pump last suffix
-prazole
H2 blockers last suffix
-tidines
bisphosphonates last suffix
-dronate
sulfonyureas drugs
glypizide
glyburide
glimepiride
metformin act where
decrease hepatic glucose
sulfonuyreas act where
pancreas
- hypo risk
what drugs impact blood sugar
steroids
how to prevent upper resp infetions
wash hands/vaccines
OSA 3 S
snoring
sleepiness
signficant other
lyarengeal obstruction will have what type of o2 stat
lowered
laryngeal cancer s/s
hoarseness
persistent cough
leading to dysphagia
pulmonary embolism what side heart failure
right
s/s of PE
dyspnea
chest pain sudden onset
anxiety
tachycardia
manifestations of pneumothorax
uneven chest
lung sounds not equal bilateral
what meds might prevent atelectasis
pain meds
pneumonia, what do we do before give antibiotics
culutures
time goal for pneumonia and antibiotics
60 mins
TB sputum
rust
how to we confirm TB
sputum culture
ABG of acute respiratory failure
PO2 less than 50
PCO2 greater than 50
PH less than 7.35
how do we treat acute resp failure
intubate
s/s of acute resp failure
restlessness
dyspnea
air hunger
confusion
lethargy
tachycardia
tachypnea
diaphoresis
cyanosis (late)
respiratory arrest (LATE)
chronic broncjitis s/s
blue bloaters
blue skin
long term cough
unusal lung sounds
edema
hypersectretion of mucus
hypoxemia
emphysema s/s
no cyanosis
pink color
increased chest size
no cough
cannot lay flat
veyr skin
use of accessory muscles
wheezing
risk with o2 and COPD
if push them too high then they will stop breathing because the receptors in the brain are turned off
asthma
- worse they sound
better they are
in asthma
what do increase PaCO2 levels tell you
impeding arrest
red zone with asthma
rescue and possibly ER
status asthmatics
life threatening
asthma attack not responding
STEMI diagnosis
T wave invasion
ST elevation
Q wave formation
elevated cardiac biomarkers
ischemia on EKG
T wave inversion
Injury on EKG
St elevation
Infarct on EKG
Q wave formation
NSTEMI diagnosis
no ST elevation
elevated cardiac biomarkers
cath lab for STEMI what time
90
cath lab for NSTEMI what time
24 hours
what is the most sensitive cardiac marker
troponin
what is creatine kinase sensitive for
cardiac tissue
myoglobin sensitivity
not cardiac specific
muscle damage
MONA order
aspirin
O2
nitro
morphine
Oxygen L for STEMI
at 4/L per min
what does nitro do
venous dilator
venous pooling
nitro dosing
5 mins 3 doses
do we stop IV nitro abruptly
no
ADP receptor inhibitors
CAD
antiplatelets
clopidogrel
prasugrel
fibrin therapy for STEMI
30 mins
ECG for CAD with what time period
10 mins
radical neck direction hemorrhage risk
high epigastric pain
tacky
hypo
hitatal hernia food reclinging
1 hour
GERD bed time food
2 hours
common complaint of esopageal cancer
dysphagia
appendicitis pain location
RLQ
diverticulitis pain location
LLQ
peritonitis s/s
early s.s of causative disorder
tender distended board like abdomen
any abdomen issue should we treat pain right away
no because it tells us what the issue is
large bowel obstruction
slowly constipation
small bowel obstruction s/s
extreme pain crampy
non erosive cause of ulcer
h. pylori
meds cause ulcer
NSAID
aclhol
steroids asprin
gastritis s/s
rapid onset
abdominal discomfort
nausea vomt
H pylori treatment
triple threapy
2 antibiotics and PPI
gastric ulcers s/s
food aggravates pain
no pain at HS
epigastric pains
stress ulcer s/s
aysmp
duodenal ulcer s/s
2-4 hour post meal
weight gain
epigastric pain at HS
