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Med Surg 1 > Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders > Flashcards

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

lips
- actinic cheilitis

A

squamous cell cancer precursor

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2
Q

mouth
- leukoplakia

A

white coating
cannot scrape

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3
Q

mouth
- lichen planus

A

precursor to cancer

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4
Q

mouth
candidiasis
stomatitis

A

do not want to drink/eat
give a numbing solution
- could bite into side of mouth

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5
Q

candidiasis is caused by

A

steroids
immunocompromised

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6
Q

stomatitis

A

sore in mouth

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7
Q

parotitis

A

inflammation of parotid

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8
Q

sialadentitis

A

inflam of salivary gland

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9
Q

who is parotitis and sialadentitis common in

A

elderly

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10
Q

neoplasm

A

cancer

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11
Q

achalasia

A

failure to move food or drink down

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12
Q

Salagen

A

artificial saliva

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13
Q

oral cancer risk factors

A

any form of tobacco
HPV infection
previous history of head and neck cancer

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14
Q

s/s oral cancer

A

painless mass/sore that does not heal
any lesion present more than 2 weeks
difficulty chewing/swallowing or speaking
enlarged cervical lymphnodes

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15
Q

prevention of oral cancer

A

HPV vaccination

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16
Q

treatment of oral cancer

A

surgery
- radical neck dissection
chemo
radiation

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17
Q

radial neck dissection

A

remove lymph nodes from jaw to clavicle and muscel

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18
Q

since they re removing muscle during a radical neck dissection they can have

A

shoulder droop

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19
Q

what should we watch out for post radical neck dissection

A

hemorrhage

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20
Q

signs and symptoms of hemorrhage

A

tachycardia
hypotension (late sign)
tachypnea
change in mental status
*high epigastric pain

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21
Q

what to do if possible bleeding

A

call for help
apply pressure

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22
Q

what do post op radical neck dissection patients need to avoid

A

bearing down
= increase pressure and could cause bleeding

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23
Q

chyle fistula

A

milky apperence out of JP drain
- lymph fluid

24
Q

Post op neck dissection how will we protect the airway

A

fowlers
assess for stridor/resp distress

25
Q

what tubes will a patient have in after neck dissection

A

JP tubes

26
Q

exercise to prevent shoulder droop on the neck dissection patent is important, when can they participate in these activities

A

when the drain is removed
and when the incision is healed

27
Q

hiatal hernia

A

opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes becomes enlarged and part of the upper stomach tends to move up into the thorax

28
Q

what are some signs and symptoms of hiatal hernia

A

heart burn and regurgitation

29
Q

since the signs and symptoms of the hiatal hernia are heart burn and regurgitation we need to assess for what first

A

STEMI

30
Q

management of hiatal hernia
- meds

A

H2 receptor blockers

31
Q

management of hiatal hernia
- meals

A

small frequent meals

32
Q

management of hiatal hernia
- post meals

A

do not lie down 1 hour after meals

33
Q

life style of the hiatal hernia is the same as what other condition

A

GERD

34
Q

management of hiatal hernia
- HOB

A

4-8 inches

35
Q

GERD

A

backward flow (reflux) of gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus

36
Q

GERD is associated with

A

barretts esophagus

37
Q

barretts esophagus is a precursor to

A

esophageal cancer

38
Q

GERD
- diet therapy

A

avoid peppermint, alcohol, caffeine, beer, milk, soda, smoking

39
Q

GERD
- educational

A

lifestyle changes
avoid drinking and eating 2 hours before bed
weight management
HIB elevated

40
Q

GERD medications

A

antacids
H2 blockers (Pepcid, Zantac)
Proton pump inhibitors (Prevacid, Prilosec)
prokinetic medications (Ragland)

41
Q

antacids
- action

A

reduce pH of stomach

42
Q

antacids
- frequency

A

2-3 hours before and after meals

43
Q

antacids
- concerns

A

altering acid-base balance if used excessively
getting too much mag, sodium, calcium

44
Q

antacids
- drugs

A

maalox
MOM
sodium bicarb
tums

45
Q

histamine receptor antagonists
- action

A

decrease acid production

46
Q

histamine receptor antagonists
- prescribed or OTC

A

OTC

47
Q

histamine receptor antagonists
- drug examples

A

Pepcid
axid
Tagamet
Zantac

48
Q

proton pump inhibitors
- action

A

reduce gastric acid production for up to 24 hours

49
Q

proton pump inhibitors
- warning

A

do not crush

50
Q

proton pump inhibitors
- drugs

A

protonix
nexium
Prevacid

51
Q

reglan
- action

A

accelerate gastric emptying

52
Q

reglan
- s/s

A

extrapyramidal s/s

53
Q

reglan
- long or short term

A

not for long term use

54
Q

cancer of the esophagus may be caused by

A

chronic irritation
- GERD
- smoking
- alcohol
- second hand smoke

55
Q

esophageal cancer common complaint

A

dysphagia

56
Q
A

Med Surg 1 (47 decks)

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