Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
what do we need to rule out a fracture
Xray
where is the neurovascualr assment done
distal to the injury
contusions
soft tissue injury
strain
muscle
sprain
ligament
why should we not pop a joint back in
blood and nerves and could lead to avascular necrosis
nursing management for mild sprain and strain
- RICE
rest
ice
compression
elecation
what is consisted in a neruovascular assessment
capillary refill
temp
color
sensation
pulses
why is a femur fracture dangerous
largest bone
severe blood loss
shock can occur
why might rib fractures be dangerous
punctured lungs
type of fracture impacts
healing
what fracture might take longest to heal
- simple of comminuted
comminuted
mainifesations of a fracture
pain
loss of function
deformity
shortening of the extremity
crepitus
local swelling and discoloration
is loss of color and swelling normal in a fracture
yes
what is abnormal in a fracture
neurovascular assessment
unrelenting pain
emergency management of a closed fracture
immobilize the body part
assess neuron vas before and after splitting
emergency management of a open fracture
cover with a sterile dressing to prevent contamination
should we attempt to reduce a fracture in the field
no
open fractures require treatment to prevent
infection
what profilaxis will we do for open fractures
tetnus and antibiotics
why might closure of a open fracture be delayed
permit edema
drainage
debridement
risk for external fixator
infection
osteomyeltisis
traction care
maintain correct balance between traction pull and counter traction force
care of weights
skin extremity inspection
- color, temp, sensation
pin care
assessment of neuro vas satus
care of traction
TRACTION
tempreature
rose hang freely
alignment
circulation check
type and location of fracture
increase fluid intake
overhead trapeze
no weights on bed or floor
cast complications
infection
circulation impairment
peripheral nerve damage
immobility
should we put things down cast
no
5 P’s of circulatory checks
pain
paresthesia
paralysis
pulse
pallor
pain management for fracture
NSAIDS
muscle relaxants
analgesics
non pharm
complications of fractures
shock
fat emobolism
compartment syndrome
avascular necrosis
DVT
delayed union
nonunion
fat embolism caused by what fracture
long bone
fat embolism what labs should we get
ABG
- profound hypoxemia
delayed union
slowed bone coming together
nonunion
bone isn’t coming together at all
complex regional pain syndrome
unexplained ongoing pain
DVT how to prevent
heparin
mobilize
SCD
compartment syndrome definition
serious condition in which increased pressure within one or more compartments causes massive compromsise of circulation to the area
s/s of compartment syndrome
numbness
tingling
pale
no pulse (late)
UNRELENTING PAIN
slow cap refill
what might we do to treat compartment syndrome
removal of cast
fasciotomy
within how many hours until the onset of compartment syndrome will neuromuscular damage be irreversible
4
where should we maintain the extremity at during compartment syndrome
heart level
hall mark of rhabdo
cola colored urine
complications of total knee replacement
dislocations
DVT
infection
proper body alignment with hip replacement
turn to unaffected side
pillow between legs to keep affected leg in abducted position to prevent removal of joint
complications of amputations
hemorrhage
infection
phantom limb pain
what is phantom limb pain
can still feel it even tho the limb is gone
not well managed with pain meds
- use opioids
