Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Med Surg 1 > Disorders of the Lower GI Tract > Flashcards

Disorders of the Lower GI Tract Flashcards

1
Q

for occult blood tests this will create a false positive if

A

red meat, horseradish, or hemroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

two types of ostomies

A

ileostomy
colostomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

with any ostomie what area is at risk for break down

A

surrounding area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

illeostomy

A

liquid
- should start putting out with in 2 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

colostomy

A

formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

stoma

A

beefy red and moist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

constipation

A

less than 3 per week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

meds that cause constipation

A

opioids
iron
some antacids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are some disorders that can cause constipation

A

rectal fistula
significant hemroids
obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

neurogenic disorders that can cause constipation

A

MS
parkinsons
hypothyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are some acute processes that can cause constipation

A

peritonitis
appendicitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

constipation can lead to straining which is what, who do we not want doing this

A

vasovagal/valsalva manöver
- vagus nerve stimulation = decrease HR
* avoid in elderly and cardiac patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how do we prevent reoccurrence of constipation

A

exercise
diet
- increase fiber
fluid and fiber
- remind elderly about fluid
judicious use of laxitives
- do not want to become dependent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is key in treating diarrhea

A

NEED TO RULE OUT AN INFECTION BEFORE TREATMENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why do we need to rule out an infection before treatment of diarrhea

A

because if there is an infection and you are giving a med to slow the bowels then the bacteria is sitting in bowel reproducing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

diarrhea causes what acid base disturbance

A

metabolic acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

vomitting causes what acid base disturbances

A

metabolic alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

complications of diarrhea

A

fluid volume deficit
electrolyte disorders
metabolic acidosis
skin breakdown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

management of diarrhea

A

controlling symptoms and preventing complications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

fecal incontinence

A

involuntary passage of stool from the rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what can cause fecal incontinence

A

some meds
- diabetic meds
- blood pressire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

feccal incontinence
- management
- improve quality of life

A

bowel training program
frequent toileting
elimination of causative factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how do we diagnose irritable bowel syndrome

A

last ditch diagnosis
everything else is ruled out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

irritable bowel syndrome
- diet

A

restrictions followed by gradual reintroduction able to find trigger foods
ultimately want a high fiber diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
nursing role for irritable bowel syndrome - patient family education
diet habits food diary limit fluids with meals avoid smoking and alcohol
26
appendicitis - pain location
right lower quadrant/periumbilical
27
appendicitis common age
10-30
28
if appendicitis ruptures it would cause
peritonitis
29
who has an atypical presentation of appendicitis
elderly
30
who are more likely to come in with a ruptured appendix
elderly - it is missed the first time and then ruptures
31
why do we do a pregnancy test when we think of appendicitis
rule out ectopic pregnancy
32
perforation of appendicitis occurs how long after onset of pain
24 hours
33
perforation of appendicitis manifestations
fever toxic apperence increased pain
34
management for appendicitis
surgery
35
appendicitis - IV fluids
isotonic
36
appendicitis - postion
high fowlers - reduce tension - help with N/V
37
appendicitis - pain management and relating adverse effects
morphine - respiratory depression - constipation
38
appendicitis incision care
redness/swelling/ drainage
39
divertuculitis
food and bacteria retention in diverticulum producing infection and inflammation
40
complications of divertuculitis
perforation abscess formation peritonitis bleeding
41
divertuculitis - pain location
left lower quadrant
42
divertuculitis - other clinical manifestations
nausea vomitting weakness fever chills leukocytosis
43
main management of divertuculitis
gut rest
44
do we do a colonoscopy with patients with divertuculitis
no we do not want to perforate
45
complications of divertuculitis
peritonitis abscess fistual bleeding
46
divertuculitis management diet
gut rest= complete NPO clear liquid and then advance to high fiber and low fat diet
47
divertuculitis management pharm
analgesics antispasmodic antibiotics (7-10 days)
48
divertuculitis assess/monitor for complications
increase abdominal pain tenderness rigidity elevated WBC ESR temp increase HR decrease BP
49
if a patient is going for bowel surgery what profilaxis are they going to be on
antibiotics - prevent infection and decrease bacterial load to reduce cause of peritonitis
50
complications of peritonitis
sepsis shock
51
do we treat pain like peritonitis right away
we need to identify the source of pain and this gives us clues about what is wrong with the patient
52
early manifestations of peritonitis
s/s of causative disorder - appendicitis/diverticulitus
53
what happens after early manifestations of peritonitis
diffuse abdominal pain more localized aggravated by movement tender distended rigid
54
bowel sounds with peritonitis
decreased sounds
55
peritonitis other manifesations
N/V increase temp increase pulse increase WBC
56
peritonitis medical management
fluids, colloids, electrolytes (N/V) pain management antiemetic bowel decompression with NG tube respiratory management antibiotics surgery
57
peritonitis positioning
high fowlers
58
bowel obstruction
blockage of intestines preventing the flow of intestinal contents
59
bowel obstruction - mechanical
bowel twists/adhesions
60
bowel obstruction functional
post op anesthesia
61
bowel obstruction most common site
small intestine
62
bowel obstruction major complaint
pain
63
bowel obstruction large bowel symptoms develop
slowly
64
bowel obstruction large bowel complaint
constipation
65
bowel obstruction small bowel complaint
extreme pain (crampy/wavelike/colicly)
66
if you have a complete bowel obstruction what is the resolution
surgery
67
if you have a partial bowel obstruction what is the resolution
we will medically manage to see if the issue resolves on its own
68
bowel obstruction - how do we decompress the stomach
NG tube on low intermittent suction
69
bowel obstruction NG tube what do we need to monitor and replace
monitor drainage replace fluides/lytes
70
bowel obstruction careful management of pain
opioids
71
colon cancer screening changes based on
risk factors
72
colon cancer clinical manifestations
change in bowel habits - constipation blood in stools
73
colon cancer - gerontological considerations
change in bowel habits
74
treatment for colon cancer
surgery chemo radiation

Med Surg 1 (47 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions