Lower Respiratory Tract Disorders: Chronic Pulmonary Disorders (Online Lecture)

Question 1

COPD disorders

Answer 1

emphysema and chronic bronchitis

Question 2

COPD double C

Answer 2

chronic air trapping
- decrease gas exchange
- secondary to chronic inflammation in lungs
chronic Co2 retention
- occurs because they are not able to fully exhale Co2

Question 3

why do COPD patients have difficult to fully exhale

Answer 3

due to lung hyperinflation, loss of elasticity

Question 4

is COP reversible

Answer 4

not fully reversibe
we are able to prevent progression

Question 5

difference of asthma and COPD

Answer 5

asthma is reversible

Question 6

major risk factor for COPD

Answer 6

MAIN: smoking
- causes chronic destruction of lungs
secondary: respiratory, irritant exposure
- mechanics firefighters

Question 7

chronic bronchitis
secretion

Answer 7

hyper secretion of mucous in the bronchi
mucus secreting glands and goblet cells increase in number
may cause mucus plug

Question 8

chronic bronchitis
cillary function

Answer 8

reduced

Question 9

chronic bronchitis
bronchial walls

Answer 9

thicken
narrow

Question 10

chronic bronchitis
alveoli

Answer 10

damaged
- decreased gas exchange

Question 11

chronic bronchitis
infection risk

Answer 11

high
- due to trapping of mucus which can be a spot for bacterial growth

Question 12

chronic bronchitis is called a

Answer 12

blue bloater

Question 13

blue bloater
BLUE

Answer 13

B: blue skin, bigger in size
L: long term cough
U: unusal lung soinds
E: edema
- due to cor pulmonale
- right sided heart failure

Question 14

chronic bronchitis manifestations

Answer 14

color dusky
recurent cough
increase sputum production
hypoxia
digital clubbing
cardiac enlargement

Question 15

chronic bronchitis ABG

Answer 15

respiratory acidosis

Question 16

chronic bronchitis pO2 levels

Answer 16

low

Question 17

emphysema is called

Answer 17

pink puffer

Question 18

pink puffer
PINK

Answer 18

P: pink color and pursed lip breathing
I: increased chest size
N: no cough
K: kan not lay flat

Question 19

emphysema manifestions

Answer 19

very thin
short of breath
anxious
col pulmonale but not to extent of bronchitis
loss of surfactant
pursed lip breathing
barrel chest
wheezing sounds

Question 20

emphysema ABG

Answer 20

respiratory acidosis

Question 21

emphysema Po2 level

Answer 21

decreased

Question 22

ABGS
PaCO2
PaO2
pH

Answer 22

increase PaCO2 (normal is 35-45): hypercapnia
decrease in pH (normal is 7.35-7.45): acidosis
decrease PaO2 (normal 80-100)

Question 23

goal for COPD patient

Answer 23

to be at their normal
they will never be with in normal ranges

Question 24

sputum samples

Answer 24

infection confirmation

Question 25

H&H

Answer 25

copd patients have increased RBC and H&H

bodys response to chronically low O2 in hopes to carry more oxygen

*these patients are going to have significant trouble with blood loss

Question 26

pulmonary function tests

Answer 26

measure degree of advancement
ex: vital capacity

Question 27

pulse ox

Answer 27

88- low 90s

Question 28

how can we help manage pts airway

Answer 28

mucolytics
increase fluid (thin secretions)
humidification (prevent trapping)

Question 29

oxygen therapy with COPD patients

Answer 29

use lowest amount of O2 possible
want to get to patients normal

*COPD patients chemoreceptors become desensitized to CO2 and respiratory drive is based on O2 levels

increase PO2= decreased respiratory drive

Question 30

patient education

Answer 30

smoking cessation
- helps stop progressing
vacciantions
- at risk for infections
- pneumococcal, flu, covid

Question 31

what to watch when COPD patients are on oxygen

Answer 31

RR and ABG

Question 32

pharm
bronchodilators

Answer 32

opens airway
- good for wheezes
doesn’t do anything for trapping or blowing off Co2

Question 33

pharm
corticosteroids

Answer 33

decrease infection
given during the exacerbation

Question 34

bullectomy

Answer 34

remove airspace not contributing to breathing

Question 35

pulmonary rehabilitation

Answer 35

reduce symptoms
increase physical and emotional engagement in activites

Question 36

assess breath sounds when

Answer 36

before and after interventions

Question 37

what type of breathing do we want to do

Answer 37

pursed lip breathing