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Med Surg 1 > Fluid Balance Disturbances > Flashcards

Fluid Balance Disturbances Flashcards

1
Q

risk factors for fluid balance disturbances

A

renal failure
liver failure
severe diarrhea
vomitting
elderly
obese
babies
DKA
GI bleed

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2
Q

fluid balance disturbances varies with

A

age, body size, gender, body fat

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3
Q

obese have more or less fluid

A

less fluid

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4
Q

water intake

A

diet, food, feeding

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5
Q

water loss

A

kidney
sensible/insensible

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6
Q

sensible

A

loss that can be seen

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7
Q

insensible

A

loss that cannot be seen
ex: breathing

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8
Q

serum osmolality normal range

A

270-300

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9
Q

urine osmoloity normal range

A

200-800

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10
Q

urine specific gravity normal range

A

1.010-1.025

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11
Q

urine specific gavirty varies by

A

urine volume

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12
Q

increase in serum osmoloity

A

FVD
burns
diabetes inspidus
hypernat
stroke
head injury
advance liver disease
hyperglycemia
manitol
alcholism

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13
Q

decrease in serum osmolality

A

FVE
SIADH
AKI
diuretic
hyponat
parneoplastic syndrome

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14
Q

BUN normal range

A

10-20

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15
Q

BUN varies with

A

urine output

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16
Q

BUN is increased in

A

FVD

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17
Q

creatinine normal range

A

0.7-1.4

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18
Q

creatinine depends on

A

lean muscle mass
protein intake
person-person

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19
Q

hematocrit normal range

A

males: 42-52%
females: 35-47%

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20
Q

urine sodium normal range

A

75-200

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21
Q

hemaotocrit is elevated in

A

dehydrated people

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22
Q

organs involved in homeostasis

A

kidneys, lungs, heart, adrenal, parathyroid, pituitary

baroreceptors
RAAS
ADH/thirst
osmoreceptors
naturitic peptides

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23
Q

elderly considerations

A

reduced homeostatic mechanisms (cardiac, renal, respiratory)
decreased body fluid percentage
medication use
concomitant conditions

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24
Q

hypovolemia
FVD

A

loss of ECF volume exceeding the intake of fluid

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25
FVD vs dehydration
dehydration is loss of water alone with increase sodium levels
26
FVD clinical mainfestitons onset
rapid
27
FVD severity depends on
degree of fluid loss
28
FVD causes
vomit diarrhea GI suction sweating decrease intake diabetes inspidus adrenal insufficieny hemorrhage coma
29
FVD clinical cues urine
decrease
30
FVD clinical cues weight
loss
31
FVD clinical cues neck veins
flat
32
FVD clinical cues mental/neuro
weak confused anxious restless obtundic/lethargic
33
FVD clinical cues pulse
increased
34
FVD clinical cues RR
increased
35
FVD clinical cues skin
cool, clammy, pale
36
FVD clinical cues BP
LATE SIGN decreased
37
FVD lab findings H&H
increase
38
FVD lab findings serum and urine osmolarity
increase
39
FVD lab findings glucose
increase
40
FVD lab findings protein
increase
41
FVD lab findings BUN
increase
42
FVD lab findings electrolytes
increase
43
FVD lab findings urine specific gravity
increase
44
FVD lab findings urine sodium
decrease
45
what is the only lab that is decreased in FVD
urine sodium
46
FVD medical management
fluid replacement
47
if a patient has FVD and they are ordered IV solutions, what solution might you expect them to revive
isotonic
48
FVD nursing management
monitor VS, mental status, I &O, daily weight
49
FVD nursing management IV
large bore and multiple
50
FVD nursing management airway
patent airway O2 as needed
51
FVD nursing management auscultation
LS, for fluid volume overload
52
FVE Hypervolemia
expansion of ECF retention of water and sodium
53
who is at increased risk for FVE
elderly - comorbities - decrease homeostasis
54
FVE at risk patients
heart failure cirrhosis of liver increase salt administration of salt fluids/solutions (NS0.9) medications (steroids)
55
FVE clinical manifestions lower extremities
edema
56
FVE clinical manifestions neck veins
distended
57
FVE clinical manifestions lung sounds
crackles
58
FVE clinical manifestions abdomen
ascites
59
FVE clinical manifestions weight
gain
60
FVE clinical manifestions RR depth
shortness of breath
61
FVE clinical manifestions BP
increased
62
FVE clinical manifestions pulse paramaters
bounding
63
FVE clinical manifestions RR
increased
64
FVE clinical manifestions pulse
increased
65
FVE clinical manifestions urine
increased *unless renal impairment
66
FVE lab values BUN
decreased
67
FVE lab values hematocrit
decreased
68
FVE lab values serum osmolarity
decreased
69
FVE lab values oxygen levels
decreased
70
FVE lab values Xray
pulmonary congestion
71
FVE medical management IV
discontinue or KVO
72
KVO
keep vein open 10mL/hr
73
FVE medical management symptom management
diuretics (won't work if kidneys don't work) fluid restriction sodium resirtction (OTC meds, electrolyte drinks, bottle water) dialysis
74
FVE nursing management
monitor VS, mental status, I&O, weight reduce/restrict fluids
75
FVE airway
patent airway
76
FVE HOB
elevated
77

Med Surg 1 (47 decks)

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