Upper Limb, Forearm and Hand Flexors Flashcards
What are the bony compartments of the forearm?
The Radius and the Ulna
What is the cubital fossa?
it is the gateway for structures coming from the arm into the forearm.
What is the carpal tunnel?
It is the gateway for structures passing from the forearm into the hand.
The forearm is divided into compartments, what are these?
Muscles in the anterior compratment of the forearm are generally associated with?
- Movement of the wrist joint
- flexion of the fingers including the thumb
- pronation of the forearm
What does the pronator teres do?
pronates the forearm
What does the flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris do?
they are involved in movement of the wrist
Name four muscles that share a common origin off the medial epicondyle of the humerus.
1) Pronator Teres
2) Flexor Carpi Radialis
3) Palmaris Longus
4) Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Identify the structures of the superficial layer of the forearm.
How does the ulnar nerve enter the anterior compartment of the forearm?
By passing by between the two heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle; the humeral and the ulnar.
Identify the following structures.
What is the intermediate layer of the forearm composed of?
only 1 muscle, flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and this has 2 heads
How does the median nerve and ulnar nerve pass through in relation to the flexor digitorum superficialis?
it passes deep and in between the heads of FDS.
Identify these structures
Does the FDS cross the wrist joint and MCP joint only?
NO! it crosses the wrist, the MCP joint and the PIP joint.
What does the FDS do?
it acts to casue flexion of the wrist and the fingers
Identify the muscles of the Deep layer of the forearm.
What is the dual innervation of the FDP?
- lateral half: innervated by a branch of the median nerve and it moves the middle and index fingers.
- median half: is innervated by the ulnar nerve and it moves the ring and little fingers.
What does the FDP cross besides the wrist joint?
it crosses the wrist joint, the MCP (metacarpophalangeal) joint, the PIP (Proximal Interphalangeal) joint, and the DIP (Distal Interphlangeal) joint.
What does the Flexor Pollicis Longus do?
It causes flexion of the thumb, MCP joint and PIP joint.
Identify the structures
Where are the largest arteries of the forearm?
in the anterior compartment and they pass distally to give rise to branches that supply the posterior compartment.
What does the brachial artery divide into?
it divides into 2 branches, the radial and ulnar artery
Radial artery
supplies the hand with blood
