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Undeleted > Integumentary > Flashcards

Integumentary Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 special cells found in the epidermis?

A
  1. Keratinocytes
  2. Melanocytes
  3. Langerhans- immune system
  4. Merkel’s- sensory cells
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2
Q

What are the 5 layers of the epidermis?

A
  1. Stratum Basale (germinativum)
  2. Stratum Spinosum
  3. Stratum Granulosum
  4. Stratum Lucidum (thick skin only)
  5. Stratum Corneum
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3
Q

What stratum is this?

A

Stratum Basale

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4
Q

What kind of cancer occurs in Stratum Spinosum?

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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5
Q

What is the appearance of the Stratum Spinosum?

A

Looks like “prickle cells” or just plain spiny looking

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6
Q

What is this layer?

A

Stratum Spinosum

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7
Q

Identify the 2 layers

A

Stratum Basale and Stratum Spinosum

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8
Q

What are these structures and that stratum is this?

A

Desmosomes and it is part of Stratum Spinosum

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9
Q

Is Stratum Granulosum acidophillic or basophillic?

A

Basophillic

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10
Q

How many layers does Stratum Granulosum have?

A

3-5

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11
Q

What happens to organelles and nucleus in the Stratum Granulosum?

A

they soon are lost

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12
Q

Identify the layers

A
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13
Q

What is this stratum?

A

Stratum Granulosum

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14
Q

What is this stratum?

A

Stratum Granulosum

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15
Q

What is the Stratum Lucidum?

A
  • only found in thick skin
  • has no organelles
  • it is transparent / a bit eosinophillic
  • precursor to keratin
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16
Q

What are the different Stratums?

A
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17
Q

What is this stratum shown by the arrow?

A

Stratum Lucidum

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18
Q

What do the Stratum Corneum cell consist of?

A

Keratin, a scleroprotein

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19
Q

How many layers is the Stratum Corneum composed of?

A

15-20

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20
Q

How do cells of Stratum Corneum appear like?

A

They appear horny

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21
Q

Identify all the Stratums

A
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22
Q

Identify all the Stratas

A

A = Stratum Corneum

B = Stratum Granulosum

C = Stratum Spinosum

D = Stratum Basalis

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23
Q

Name the accessory cells of the epidermis

A
  1. Langerhan’s Cells
  2. Merkel’s Cells
  3. Melanocyte’s Cells
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24
Q

What do Langerhans cells do?

A

They are Macrophage-like antigen presenting cells

IMPoRTAnT!! - They are not attached to keratinocytes

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25
Q

Where do you find Langerhans cells?

A

Stratum Basale and Corneum

26
Q

What are these cells?

A

Langerhans cells

27
Q

What do Merkel cells do?

A

May be mechanoreceptors or cutaneous sensation.

28
Q

Will Merckels cells be present in Thin or Thick skin?

A

Thick (fingertips)

29
Q

True or False

Merckel cell dont have desmosomal attachments.

A

False

30
Q

In what stratum are Melanocytes present in?

A

Stratum Basale

31
Q

What do melanocytes produce?

A

Melanin

32
Q

What does Melanin do? (what is its purpose?)

A

It helps protect against Ultraviolet light.

33
Q

What condition is present when there is absense of melanin?

A

Vitiligo

34
Q

What are these cells?

A

Melanocytes

35
Q

What are these cells?

A

Melanocytes

36
Q

What is this cell?

A

Melanocyte

37
Q

What is this cell?

A

Melanocyte

38
Q

What are the 3 types of cancer of the skin?

A
  1. Basal cell
  2. Squamous cell
  3. Melanoma
39
Q

How often does Basal cell carcinoma metastasize?

A

Rarely

40
Q

What is this cancer?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

Raised, smooth, pearly bump on the sun-exposed skin

most common form of skin cancer: 1 in 3 causasians

41
Q

What is this cancer?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

42
Q

What kind of cancer is this?

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

stratum basale

43
Q

How does Squamous Cell Carcinoma present?

A

it presents as scaly, red, thickened patch on sun exposed skin.

44
Q

What cancer is this?

A

Squamous cell Carcinoma

  • Second most common skin cancer
  • May also been found on lips, in mouth or digestive tract
  • Red, scaling, thickened patch on sun-exposed skin
  • Ulceration and bleeding may occur
  • Stratum spinosum

Note: squamous cell carsinoma is more dangerous than basal cell carcinoma

45
Q

What are the “ABCDE’s” of a Melanoma?

A

A= asymmetrical

B= “borders” (irregular)

C= “color” (variegated)

D= “diameter“ > 6mm

E= enlarging

46
Q

What cancer is this? tell me about it.

A

Melanoma

  • Usually brown or black
  • “ABCDE”

–A= asymmetrical

–B= “borders” (irregular)

–C= “color” (variegated)

–D= “diameter“ > 6mm

–E= enlarging

•Relatively rare, poor prognosis

47
Q

What cancer is this? Tell me about it

A

Melanoma

  • Usually brown or black
  • “ABCDE”

–A= asymmetrical

–B= “borders” (irregular)

–C= “color” (variegated)

–D= “diameter“ > 6mm

–E= enlarging

•Relatively rare, poor prognosis

48
Q

What is this Cancer? At what layer does it occur

A

Melanoma

49
Q

What is this Cancer?

A

Melanoma

50
Q

What is the dermis composed of?

A

Connective tissue

Papillary layer

51
Q

What will you find in the papillary layer?

A

loose connective tissue

nerves

blood vessels

mast cells and macrophages

52
Q

Name the 3 types of glands in the dermis and where they release the contents

A
  1. Eccrine: empty onto surface of skin
  2. Apocrine: empty into hair follicle
  3. Sebaceous: empty into hair follicle
53
Q

What is sebum?

A

It is produced by sebaceous glands and acts as a moisturizer and could be a fungicide or bacteriocide.

54
Q

Describe the sensory nerve endings of the skin

A
  1. Free nerve endings (Pain, itch)
  2. Meissner’s corpuscles (Fine touch)
  3. Pacinian corpuscles (Pressure)
  4. Ruffini corpuscles (Stretch )
55
Q

What is this type of nerve ending

A

Meissner’s Corpuscle

56
Q

What kind of nerve ending is this?

A

Panician Corpuscles

57
Q

What kind of nerve ending is this?

A

Panician Corpuscle

58
Q

What is this tissue? What is the blue arrow pointing to?

A
59
Q
A
60
Q

Epidermal pegs and Dermal papillae

A

Epidermal pegs

Dermal papillae

Epidermis contains free nerve endings but no vasculature

Supporting vessels found in papillary layer of dermis

Stratum spinosum is under stratum granulosum

legend:

PL= papillary layer (loose)

RL= reticular layer (dense collagen fibers)

SB= stratum basale

SC= stratum corneum

SGr= stratum granulosum

Undeleted (35 decks)

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