Block 1

Question 1

What is the weakest part of the clavicle?

Answer 1

junction of medial 2/3

junction of lateral 1/3

Question 2

In a clavicular fracture, what is at risk of getting damaged?

Answer 2

Brachial Plexus

Subclavian Vessels

Question 3

How does a Colle’s Fracture present?

Answer 3

forced extension of the hand, usually as a result of trying to ease a fall by outstretching the upper limb.

Question 4

In Colle’s Fracture, where is the distal fragment displaced?

Answer 4

the distal fragment is displaced dorsally

Question 5

How does Smith’s Fracture present?

Answer 5

results from a fall or a blow on the dorsal aspect of the flexed wrist and produces a ventral angulation of the wrist.

Question 6

In Smith’s Fracture, where is the distal fragment displaced?

Answer 6

distal fragment is displaced anteriorly

Question 7

What kind of fracture is this?

Answer 7

Colle’s

Question 8

What kind of fracture is this?

Answer 8

Smiths Fracture

Question 10

What is Volkmann’s Ischemic Contracture?

Answer 10

when there is damage to the brachial artery during a supracondylar fracture causing flexors and extensor to contract.

Question 11

What is another name for Volkmann’s Ischemic Contracture?

Answer 11

Claw Hand

Question 12

What kind of pulse is absent when Volkmann’s Ischemic Contracture is present?

Answer 12

Radial pulse

Question 13

How do fingers look in Volkmann’s Ischemic Contracture?

Answer 13

blue or white and feel cold

Question 14

What is a supracondylar fracture?

Answer 14

fracture caused by falling on an outstreched hand (FOOSH)

Question 15

What is displaced backwards in a supracondylar fracture?

Answer 15

distal fragment of the elbow

Question 16

What is claw hand?

Answer 16

extension of the metacarpophalangeal joints and flexion of wrist

Question 17

What is pitcher’s elbow?

Answer 17

when a torn ulnar collateral ligament occurs

Question 18

What is nursemaids elbow?

Answer 18

when you have a torn annular ligament, therefore, dislocation of radius

Question 19

What is lateral epicondilitis?

Answer 19

Inflammation of the extensors at their origin or Radial nerve entrapment.

Question 20

What is another name for Lateral Epicondylitis?

Answer 20

Tennis Elbow

Question 21

What is Medial Epicondylitis?

Answer 21

Inflammation of Flexor’s at their origin.

Question 22

What is another name for Medial Epicondylitis?

Answer 22

Golfer’s Elbow

Question 23

What is Student’s Elbow?

Answer 23

Inflammation of the Olecranon Bursa

Question 24

What is Colle’s Fracture?

Answer 24

Flexion fracture of the radius.

distal radius pushed dorsally

Question 25

What is Smith's Fracture?

Answer 25

Extension fracture of the Radius Distal Radius pushed ventrally

Question 26

What is Cubital Tunnel Syndrome?

Answer 26

Compression of the ulnar nerve in cubital fossa

Question 27

When you place a venous line in the cubital fossa, what vein do you use?

Answer 27

Median Cubital Vein

Question 28

What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Answer 28

when you have a lesion that reduces the size of the carpal tunnel, pressing on the median nerve.

Question 29

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome will cause what shape in the hand?

Answer 29

Ape Hand

Question 30

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome patients can't do what movement in the thumb?

Answer 30

Opposition of the thumb

Question 31

Will Carpal Tunnel Syndrome patients lose sensation over their hand?

Answer 31

No, the Palmar cutaneous branch passes over the palmar aponeurosis.

Question 32

What can Median nerve damage affect?

Answer 32

loss of flexion of IP joints abduction and opposition of thumb

Question 33

What is Wrist Drop?

Answer 33

Randial nerve damage causing extensors to stop working

Question 34

What is De Quarvain's Tendonitis?

Answer 34

inflammation of the wrist tendons at the base of the thumb

Question 35

What is Skier's Thumb?

Answer 35

Damage to the Ulnar Collateral Ligament

Question 36

What is Mallet Finger?

Answer 36

Occurs due to DIP joint hyperflexion

Question 37

What is Boxer's fracture?

Answer 37

fracture of the nech of metacarpal bones at the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

Question 38

what metacarpal bones do inexperienced fighters brake?

Answer 38

4th and 5th metacarpal bones

Question 39

What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Answer 39

the erosion of bone and joints of the hand

Question 40

What is Dupuytren's Contracture? What happens?

Answer 40

Tightening of the Palmar Aponeurosis, occurs fixed flexion of the digits (especially ulnarly)

Question 41

What is Boutonniere's Deformity?

Answer 41

central portion of extensor is torn in fingers resulting in hyperextension fo DIP joints and hyperflexion of PIP by flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus.

Question 42

What is Thoracic Outlet syndrome?

Answer 42

whe there is pressure put on the brachial plexus by the anterior and medial scalene muscles next to it.

Question 43

What is Erb-Duchenne Palsy?

Answer 43

it is and upper trunk Brachial Plexus lesion on C5-C6

Question 44

What is another name for Erb-Duchenne Palsy?

Answer 44

Waiter's Tip

Question 45

What are the nerves damaged in Waiter's Tip?

Answer 45

musculocutaneous Axillary Suprascapular

Question 46

How do patients with Waiter's Tip present?

Answer 46

adducted shoulder, medially rotated arm and extended elbow

Question 47

What is Klumpke's paralysis?

Answer 47

it is a lower brachial plexus palsy

Question 48

Where is the injury in klumpke's palsy?

Answer 48

in the lower roots and trunk C8-T1

Question 49

What nerves can be damaged in Klumpke's Palsy?

Answer 49

Ulnar mainly and Median moderately

Question 50

What muscles are damaged in Lower Brachial Palsy?

Answer 50

intrinsic muscles of the hand