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Advanced Anatomy > Upper and Lower Limb Bones > Flashcards

Upper and Lower Limb Bones Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical position (name) of medial forearm?

A

ulnar

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2
Q

Lateral forearm?

A

radial

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3
Q

Tibial part of leg?

A

medial

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4
Q

Fibular part of leg?

A

lateral

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5
Q

Back of hand?

A

dorsal

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6
Q

Front of hand?

A

palmar or volar

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7
Q

Upper foot?

A

dorsal

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8
Q

Bottom of foot?

A

plantar

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9
Q

Four segments of the upper extremity?

A

pectoral girdle (shoulder)
arm (humerus)
forearm (ulna, radius)
hand (8 carpals, 5 metacarpals, 14 phalanges)

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10
Q

The entire upper limb connects to the …. via the clavicle.

A

manubrium

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11
Q

The clavicle serves as the one and only … bone support for the upper limb to the body trunk.

A

rigid bone

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12
Q

Clavicle function

A

transmits shocks from upper limb to axial skeleton

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13
Q

What is the most frequently broken bone in the body?

A

clavicle

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14
Q

What is a broken clavicle often caused by?

A

FOOSH

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15
Q

Where does the clavicle break usually?

A

middle 1/3

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16
Q

Deformity caused by a broken clavicle?

A

medial fragment elevates due to the sternocleidomastoid; lateral fragment depresses

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17
Q

Complete displaced fracture may require..

A

plating

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18
Q

Shoulder blade overlies the … ribs on the posterior thoracic wall.

A

2-7

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19
Q

If you break the surgical neck of the humerus what nerve and arteries can be affected?

A

axillary nerve

circumflex humeral arteries

20
Q

If you break the mid-humeral shaft what nerve can be affected?

A

radial nerve and deep arm vessels

21
Q

If you break the medial epicondyle what nerve can be affected?

A

ulnar

22
Q

Insertion of brachialis muscle and is a major elbow flexor?

A

tuberosity of ulna

23
Q

Coronoid can be damaged during …

A

elbow dislocation

24
Q

The distal ulnar bone does not form …

A

wrist joint

25
Q

Head of the radius articulates with the … of the humerus.

A

capitulum and radial notch of the ulna

26
Q

Radial tuberosity is the attachment site for

A

distal biceps muscle

27
Q

Joint at the elbow is a …

A

hinge joint

28
Q

Where does pronation and supination occur?

A

between the radial notch of the ulna and the head of the radius

29
Q

Olecranon fractures require

A

pinning or plating

30
Q

What is referred to as nursemaids elbow? And what is the ligament that it occurs at?

A

subluxation and dislocation of the radial head from the annular ligament

31
Q

What is the most common fracture of the forearm?

A

colles fracture

32
Q

What is colles fracture a fracture of?

A

complete transverse fracture within the distal 2 cm of teh radius

33
Q

What happens in a colles fracture?

A

The styloid process of the radius and ulna change positions. The radial styloid process is moved proximally.

34
Q

The most frequently fractured bone of the wrist?

A

scaphoid

35
Q

What is the most common way to break the 5th metacarpal?

A

punching something

aka “Boxer’s fracture”

36
Q

Injury to what arteries in the femur cutoff blood supply to the femoral head?

A

retinacular arteries

37
Q

Most tibial fractures are caused by..

A

direct force to the middle/distal 1/3

38
Q

Tibial fractures are what kind of fracture?

A

compound

39
Q

Jones fractures are anything at the …

A

base of the 5th metatarsal

40
Q

Jones fracture is typically caused by …

A

sudden inversion of the foot

41
Q

The result of sudden inversion of the foot can cause …

A

tendon avulsion or direct pressure on proximal head of the bone

42
Q

What is another cause of Jones fracture?

A

over use

43
Q

…. injuries are much more common than pronation.

A

supination

44
Q

When is an xray required for an ankle? Or what is the Ottawa ankle rule?

A

Tender on lateral malleolar tip or posterior aspect of lateral mallelous
Tenderness over the base of the 5th metatarsal
Tenderness on the medial or posterior aspect of the medial malleolus
Tenderness over the navicular bone

45
Q

Two superficial veins of the lower limb

A

great and small saphenous

46
Q

Varicose veins, thrombosis and thrombophlebitis happen to the … vein and it is due to ….

A

great saphenous vein and tributaries

fail of valves in perforating veins and/or lower limb loose fascia or muscle inactivity result in thrombosis.

Advanced Anatomy (38 decks)

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