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Advanced Anatomy > GI Tract Organs II > Flashcards

GI Tract Organs II Flashcards

1
Q

Foregut organs

A

pharynx, esophagus, stomach, 1st and 2nd parts of duodenum

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2
Q

Midgut organs

A

3rd and 4th parts of duodenum, small intestine (jejunum and ileum), large intestine (cecum, ascending colon and 2/3 of transverse colon).

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3
Q

Hindgut organs

A

1/2 transverse colon, large intestine (descending and sigmoid), rectum and anal canal

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4
Q

Associated organs with the GI tract?

A

liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, adrenal glands

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5
Q

The spleen is the largest …organ.

A

lymphatic

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6
Q

What does the spleen do?

A

Makes RBC in fetus and removes them in adults

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7
Q

Spleen blood vessels

A

splenic artery and vein

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8
Q

Where does the splenic artery come from?

A

celiac trunk/axis

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9
Q

Where does the splenic vein drain to?

A

hepatic portal vein

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10
Q

Most frequently injured organ in the abdomen?

A

spleen (rupture)

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11
Q

If there is a slight leakage of blood from the spleen where would the pain be?

A

epigastrium region and left flank

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12
Q

If there is a big bleed from the spleen and it made contact with the undersurface of the diaphragm, where would the pain be and what is it called?

A

sharp pain in the left shoulder known as Kehr’s sign

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13
Q

When does splenomegaly occur?

A

congestion due to portal hypertension, leukemia, mono

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14
Q

What is known as true referred pain from a splenic rupture?

A

left shoulder pain

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15
Q

Splenic vein thrombosis is called

A

left sided portal hypertension

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16
Q

Splenic vein thrombosis can cause ….from esophageal or gastric varices.

A

massive GI bleeding

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17
Q

Pancreas is an elongated… and …gland.

A

digestive and endocrine

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18
Q

Pancreas is composed of 4 parts…

A

head, neck, body, tail

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19
Q

Head of the pancreas is to the right of …and has a …process.

A

SMA

uncinate (hook shape) below and behind SMA

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20
Q

Neck of the pancreas is a short region that overlies…

A

SMA and SMV

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21
Q

The body of the pancreas is distal to the neck at which vertebral level?

A

L2

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22
Q

The tail of the pancreas touches the …

A

splenic hilum

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23
Q

The pancreas is ….

A

retroperitoneal

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24
Q

Which plane intersects the body of the pancreas?

A

transpyloric

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25
Q

The head of the pancreas attaches to the 2nd part of the … it is ….to common bile duct, gastroduodenal artery and IVC.

A

duodenum, anterior

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26
Q

Uncinate is …to SMA and SMV, …to renal artery and vein and ….the 3rd part of the duodenum.

A

posterior, anterior, above

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27
Q

The neck of the pancreas is …to SMA and SMV and portal vein.

A

anterior

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28
Q

The body of the pancreas is …to splenic artery and vein and left kidney and ….the omental bursa.

A

anterior, behind

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29
Q

The tail of the pancreas touches the …., is …. to left kidney and ….splenorenal ligament.

A

spleen, anterior, inside

30
Q

The transverse mesocolon attaches…

A

anteriorly

31
Q

What is it called where the common bile duct and pancreatic bile duct meet?

A

Ampulla of Vater

32
Q

Three sphincters associated with the pancreatic duct?

A

sphincter of common bile duct, sphincter of pancreatic duct, sphincter of hepatopancreatic duct or sphincter of Oddi

33
Q

Blood supply of the pancreas, arteries?

A

splenic, gastroduodenal, SMA

34
Q

Blood supply of the pancreas, veins?

A

splenic, SMV

35
Q

pancreatic lymphatics drain into

A

celiac or superior mesenteric lymph nodes

36
Q

Pancreatic cancer pain reference?

A

epigastric pain or severe back pain

37
Q

Pancreatic cancer symptoms small tumor…

A

jaundice and no pain

38
Q

Pancreatic cancer symptoms large tumor…

A

jaundice and pain

39
Q

For many patients with pancreatic cancer, which comes first? Jaundice or pain?

A

pain

40
Q

Nerve innervation of pancreas?

A

great thoracic splanchnic nerves T5-T9

41
Q

The … is the 2nd largest organ in the human body.

A

liver

42
Q

The liver …. absorbed nutrients from the GI track via…

A

accepts, portal vein

43
Q

The liver …glycogen

A

stores

44
Q

The liver produces… continuously.

A

bile

45
Q

Which quadrants does the liver lie?
Which regions in the abdomen wall does the liver lie?
With what number rib does the liver lie anteriorly?
With what number rib does the liver lie posteriorly?

A

right UQ and some LUQ;
right hypochondriac and epigastric regions
5th rib
9-12th ribs

46
Q

Liver has a …area posteriorly.

A

bare

47
Q

The liver is covered by visceral peritoneum and continues with parietal peritoneum and forms…

A

coronary ligament

48
Q

Where is the subphrenic recess?

A

between the diaphragm and diaphragmacic surface of the liver.

49
Q

The subphrenic recess communicates with the ….including the omental bursa and the greater sac.

A

peritoneal cavity

50
Q

Fluid flows to …space in the subphrenic recess; then flows to ….

A

subhepatic; hepatorenal recess or the pouch of Morison

51
Q

….splits the subphrenic recess into left and right.

A

Falciform ligament

52
Q

When there is fluid in the pouch of Morison while lying on ones back, what is that attributed to?

A

trauma

53
Q

There are two fissures in the liver:

A

right sagittal, left sagittal

54
Q

The right sagittal fissure forms… to…

A

fossa of gallbladder to groove of IVC.

55
Q

The left sagittal fissure forms…to…

A

ligamentum teres hepatis (round ligament of the liver) to ligamentum venosum

56
Q

Portal hepatis have the following structures that enter or leave the liver

A

portal vein, hepatic artery, bile ducts

57
Q

Portal triad contains … and they travel in…

A

portal vein, hepatic artery, common bile duct; hepatoduodenal ligament

58
Q

Portal vein carries…blood and is rich in ….

A

deoxygenated; nutrients

59
Q

Porta hepatis divides … and ….lobes in the liver.

A

quadrate, caudate

60
Q

Quadrate lobe in the liver is …. and caudate lobe is…

A

inferior, superior

61
Q

How many hepatic veins?

A

usually 3

62
Q

Where do the hepatic veins drain?

A

IVC

63
Q

What causes hepatomegaly?

A

accumulation of blood from congestive heart failure, hepatic vein and IVC lack of valves; inflammation from virus or bacterial infection; tumor.

64
Q

Pain is where associated with hepatomegaly?

A

right hypochondriac region

65
Q

When the liver is hepatomegaly, what can a clinician do?

A

can usually palpate below right costal margin

66
Q

Bile ducts (5)…

A

right hepatic duct, common hepatic duct, cystic duct, common bile duct, left hepatic duct

67
Q

Which ducts form to make the common hepatic duct?

A

right and left

68
Q

The cystic duct comes in at …

A

right angles

69
Q

What duct is distal to the cystic duct?

A

common bile

70
Q

The cystic duct connects …

A

between the neck of the gallbladder and common hepatic duct

71
Q

In the gall bladder there are …which keep it open and prevents sudden increase in ….

A

spiral folds, bile flow

Advanced Anatomy (38 decks)

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