Blood Supply to the Brain and Spinal Cord

Question 1

What is the most common cause of neurologic disability in adults and the third most common cause of death?

Answer 1

cerebrovascular disease

Question 2

Loss of consciousness occurs in less than … after blood flow to the brain has stopped. Irreparable damage to the brain tissue occurs within …. to several hours after disruption to blood flow.

Answer 2

15 seconds

5 minutes

Question 3

85% of strokes are ischemic due to …

Answer 3

thrombolytic or embolic

Question 4

15% of strokes are due to

Answer 4

hemorrhagic

Question 5

Cerebellar arteries

Answer 5

superior
anterior
posterior

Question 6

The small penetrating arteries which branch off the basilar artery supply blood to

Answer 6

brain stem and centers within the brainstem

Question 7

Lacunar strokes result from

Answer 7

occlusion of one of the penetrating arteries that provide blood to the brains deep structures

Question 8

Lacunar strokes occur is almost all patients that have.

Answer 8

HBP

Question 9

Posterior cerebral artery supplies blood to

Answer 9

occipital lobe

Question 10

Stroke of the right and left middle cerebral artery causes nearly …

Answer 10

2/3 of all strokes

Question 11

Stroke affecting the territory of the ….artery are the most severe in the contralateral face and arm.

Answer 11

middle cerebral artery

Question 12

In a stroke affecting the territory supplied by the anterior cerebral artery, weakness is most pronounced in the …

Answer 12

anterior cerebral

contralateral trunk and leg

Question 13

Only 5-10% of ischemic strokes are

Answer 13

posterior and cerebral

Question 14

Venous drainage of the brain includes the veins of the …, ….venous sinuses, ….veins and ….veins.

Answer 14

brain
dural
meningeal
diploic

Question 15

Cerebral veins have no …

Answer 15

valves

Question 16

Dural sinuses are lined by … have no…

Answer 16

endothelial

smooth muscle

Question 17

Subdural hemorrhage is often … blood.

Answer 17

venous

Question 18

Subdural hemorrhage is common in …

…% are unilateral in adults.

Answer 18

very young and elderly

85%

Question 19

Carotid cavernous fistula is..

Answer 19

when the internal carotid drains into the cavernous sinus and jugular veins causing ishcemia in the cerebral arteries.

Question 20

…. is secondary to carotid-cavernous fistula

Answer 20

pulsating exophthalmos

Question 21

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is due to …

Answer 21

rupture of berry aneurysms

Question 22

90% of aneurysms are on the … half of the circle of willis

Answer 22

anterior

Question 23

Radicular arteries supply blood to the … while medullary arteries supply blood to…

Answer 23

vertebrae

anterior and posterior

Question 24

Radiculmedullary artery is used when…

Answer 24

one cannot determine where the artery terminates

Question 25

A left sided great ventral medullary artery of Adamkiewicz supplies spinal cord blood between …. and …. from the inferior intercostals or superior lumbar arteries.

Answer 25

T8 and L3

Question 26

central veins drain

Answer 26

medial ventral gray matter

Question 27

radial veins drain

Answer 27

much of the rest of the spinal cord

Question 28

What forms the internal vertebral venous plexus?

Answer 28

anterior and posterior spinal veins

Question 29

Epidural venous plexus receives blood from many anterior and posterior…. veins.

Answer 29

radiculomedullary or segmental medullary veins