Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Advanced Anatomy > Intro to the Neuron > Flashcards

Intro to the Neuron Flashcards

1
Q

Human nervous system divisions

A

CNS, PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CNS includes

A

Brain and spinal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

PNS nerves includes

A

cranial, spinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how many pairs of cranial nerves?

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how many pairs of spinal nerves?

A

31

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

nucleus

A

nerve cells bodies in CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ganglion

A

nerve cell bodies in the PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

divisions of PNS

A

somatic, autonomic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

somatic function

A

innervates structures of body wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

autonomic functions

A

controls activities of smooth muscles, visceral glands, blood vessels and returns sensory information to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

divisions of ANS

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3 parts of the brain

A

cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

2 parts of cerebrum

A

telencephalon, diencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

telencephalon

A

cerebral cortex, subcortical white matter, commissures, basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

diencephalon

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2 parts of cerebellum

A

cerebellar cortex, cerebellar nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

3 pars of brain stem

A

midbrain, pons, medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

2 parts of spinal cord

A

white matter, gray matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

white matter 3 parts

A

dorsal, lateral, anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

somatic nervous system to

A

body surface and skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ANS to

A

internal organs and blood vessels, sweat glands and arrector pili muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

afferent

A

sensory (incoming)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

efferent

A

motor (outgoing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

somatic afferent

A

sensory input from body surfaces and skeletal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
somatic efferent
motor output to skeletal muscles
26
visceral afferent
autonomic sensory input from internal organs and blood vessels
27
visceral efferent
autonomic motor output to internal organs and glands
28
somatic afferent is usually a sequence of ...neurons while somatic efferent is a sequence of ...neurons
3,2
29
ANS use pairs of neurons
1st in CNS and 2nd in ganglion in PNS
30
preganglionic fibers originate from....
1st neuron (nerve cell body in spinal cord or brain stem)
31
postganglionic nerve fibers originate from ...
2nd neuron
32
sympathetic preganglionic fibers are ... and postganglionic fibers are ..
short, long
33
parasympathetic preganglionic fibers are ... and postganglionic fibers are...
long, short
34
another name for cell body
perikaryon
35
axon does what
outputs signals
36
white matter is ....with ..synapses
myelinated with no
37
gray matter is ...with...
unmyelinated with synapses
38
nerve fiber type A size
greater than 3 microns
39
nerve fiber type A are ...and ...
large and myelinated
40
nerve fiber type A conduct what kind of information?
sensory and some motor function
41
nerve fiber type B size
less than 3 microns
42
nerve fiber type B are ... and ...
smaller and mylenated
43
functions of nerve fiber type B
autonomic functions
44
nerve fiber type C size
less than 1.3 microns
45
nerve fiber type C are the ... and ...
smallest and unmyeinated
46
nerve fiber type C conduct ...
slow impulses, pain and autonomic functions
47
CNS myelin cells
oligodendrocyte cells
48
PNS myelin cells
schwann cells
49
non neuron cells of CNS
glial cells
50
2 types of glial cells
macroglia, microglia
51
macroglia types
oligodendroctyes-form myelin sheath around axons in CNS/ astrocytes- cover surface of blood vessels, brain and spinal cord
52
microglia types
immune surveillance of CNS
53
axon transport: anterograde vs retrograde
anterograde: toward axon terminal retrograde: toward cell body
54
demyelinating conditions of the CNS
MS and leukodystrophies
55
demyelinating conditions of PNS
guillain-BArre syndrom and Charcot Marie Tooth disease
56
types of synapses
chemical and electrical
57
Chemical synapse overview
action potential reaches axon terminal--->trigger calcium channels to open--->calcium influx--->presynaptic vesicles undergoing exocytosis--->neurotransmitters released in synaptic cleft ---> binds to postsynaptic membrane receptors ---> trigger response in postsynaptic neuron
58
synaptic inhibitions
pre and post
59
presynaptic inhibition
between two axons; decreases action potential or reduces opening of calcium channels
60
postsynaptic inhibition
between axon and cell body or dendrite; releases inhibitory NT inhibits on postsynaptic membrane

Advanced Anatomy (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions