Shoulder and Axilla

Question 1

The extrinsic shoulder muscles are the ones that have attachments to the thoracic wall and are also called..

Answer 1

thoracoappendicular

Question 2

The anterior group of extrinsic shoulder muscles are (4)

Answer 2

pec major, minor, subclavius and serratus anterior

Question 3

The posterior group of extrinsic shoulder muscles are (4)

Answer 3

superficial trap and lat, deep levator scapulae and rhomboids

Question 4

The 6 intrinsic shoulder muscles are called… and they attach only to shoulder bones.

Answer 4

scapulohumeral

Question 5

The 6 intrinsic shoulder muscles are…

Answer 5

delt, teres major, and 4 rotator cuff muscles

Question 6

Origin of the pec major? Insertion?

Answer 6

O: clavicular head, sternocostal head and costal head
I:lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

Question 7

The pec major forms most of the anterior wall of the …

Answer 7

axilla

Question 8

The pec major’s inferior border forms the …

Answer 8

anterior axillary fold

Question 9

The pec major also helps form the …

Answer 9

deltopectoral triangle

Question 10

What vein runs through the deltopectoral triangle?

Answer 10

cephalic

Question 11

What are the actions of the pec major?

Answer 11

adducts, medially rotates humerus

flexes and adducts the humerus

Question 12

Origin of pec minor? Insertion?

Answer 12

O: coracoid process of scapula
I: ribs 3,4,5

Question 13

What does the pec minor do?

Answer 13

fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall and stretches the arm forward and upward. It helps with inspiration

Question 14

Serratus anterior forms…

Answer 14

medial wall of axilla

Question 15

What does the serratus anterior do?

Answer 15

rotates the inferior angle of scapula as well as hold the medial scapula against the thoracic wall

Question 16

Origin of the serratus anterior? Insertion?

Answer 16

O: ribs 2-9 external lateral surface
I: medial border of scapula

Question 17

Serratus anterior is innervated by what nerve?

Answer 17

long thoracic

Question 18

What causes paralysis of the serratus anterior?

Answer 18

injury to the long thoracic nerve

Question 19

What appearance does paralysis of the serratus anterior give?

Answer 19

medial winged scapula

Question 20

Trapezius is innervated by

Answer 20

CN XI spinal accessory nerve

Question 21

Origin of trap? Insertion?

Answer 21

O: superior nuchal line
I: lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Question 22

What causes lateral winged scapula?

Answer 22

damage to the spinal accessory nerve

Question 23

When is middle subscapular nerve damaged?

Answer 23

during radial breast dissections

Question 24

What is another name for thoracodorsal nerve?

Answer 24

middle subscapular nerve

Question 25

Origin of levator scapulae? | Insertion?

Answer 25

O: transverse process of C1-C4 I: medial border superior part of scapula

Question 26

Levator is innervated by?

Answer 26

dorsal scapular nerve

Question 27

Rhomboid muscles are innervated by...

Answer 27

dorsal scapular nerve

Question 28

The deltoid muscle cannot...

Answer 28

initiate the first 15 degrees of abduction

Question 29

What does the delt do?

Answer 29

stabilizes shoulder joint, flexes and extenses the shoulder. After the initial 15 degrees it abducts the shoulder.

Question 30

What nerve innervates the delt?

Answer 30

axillary nerve

Question 31

What type of muscle fiber growth region allows greater force generation?

Answer 31

pinnate

Question 32

Axillary nerve damage causes:

Answer 32

shoulder joint dislocation and humeral surgical neck fracture

Question 33

First 15 degrees of shoulder abduction is done by..

Answer 33

supraspinatus muscle

Question 34

How to test axillary nerve damage?

Answer 34

test deltoid function by abduction

Question 35

What does Teres major do?

Answer 35

medially rotates and adducts glenohumeral joint

Question 36

Origin of teres major? Insertion?

Answer 36

O: inferior angle of scapula I: medial lip of intertubercular groove

Question 37

What exits out of the quadrangular space?

Answer 37

posterior circumflex of humeral artery and axillary nerve

Question 38

Rotator cuff muscles:

Answer 38

``` SItS Supraspinatus Infraspinatus teres minor Subscapularis ```

Question 39

What does the supraspinatus do?

Answer 39

abduct the arm

Question 40

What does subscapularis, and teres minor do?

Answer 40

adducts the arm

Question 41

What does subscapularis and teres major do?

Answer 41

internally rotates the arm

Question 42

What does infraspinatus and teres minor do?

Answer 42

externally rotates the arm

Question 43

Infraspinatus and teres minor are what kind of rotators of the shoulder/humerus?

Answer 43

lateral

Question 44

How do you test the subscapularis muscle?

Answer 44

lift off or Gerbers test

Question 45

What other muscle is the Gerber's lift off test used for?

Answer 45

rhomboid

Question 46

How do you test supraspinatus integrity?

Answer 46

Jobe's test or "Empty Can Test"

Question 47

What is the most compromised muscle of the rotator cuff?

Answer 47

supraspinatus

Question 48

What muscle is responsible for the first 15 degrees of abduction in the shoulder?

Answer 48

supraspinatus

Question 49

6 axillary arteries

Answer 49

``` superior thoracic thoracoacromial lateral thoracic subscapular anterior circumflex posterior circumflex ```

Question 50

First part of the axillary artery has one branch

Answer 50

the superior thoracic

Question 51

Second part of the axillary artery has two branches

Answer 51

thoracoacromial | lateral thoracic

Question 52

Third part of the axillary artery has three branches

Answer 52

subscapular | anterior and posterior humeral circumflex

Question 53

The lateral thoracic artery is an important source of blood to ...

Answer 53

lateral part of the mammary gland in women

Question 54

Lateral thoracic artery runs with ... to serratus anterior muscle.

Answer 54

lateral

Question 55

Largest branch of axillary artery.... divides into ... and....

Answer 55

subscapular circumflex scapular throacodorsal

Question 56

Circumflex artery supplies blood to .... | thoracodorsal supplies blood to...

Answer 56

subscapularis and teres major | serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi

Question 57

Two humeral arteries

Answer 57

anterior and posterior circumflex

Question 58

Where does compression of the axillary artery occur?

Answer 58

1st rib

Question 59

Axillary vein receives blood fro mthe ...

Answer 59

thoracoepigastric vein

Question 60

Axillary lymph nodes

Answer 60

``` apical group central group humeral group pectoral group subscapular group ```