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Advanced Anatomy > GI tract Organs I > Flashcards

GI tract Organs I Flashcards

1
Q

three constrictions of the esophagus?

A

cervical, thoracic, diaphragmatic

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2
Q

where is the esophagogastric junction

A

T10

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3
Q

Where does the vagus nerve penetrate diaphragm?

A

T10

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4
Q

lower esophagus has …to systemic veins via the …. and to the liver via …vein.

A

dual venous drainages
azygos vein system
hepatic portal vein

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5
Q

during …most venous blood flows through lower esophageal region toward azygos veins causing esophageal varices.

A

portal hypertension

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6
Q

if patients vomit fresh blood it …

A

hasnt been exposed to stomach acid

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7
Q

3 non paired arteries of the abdomen

A

celiac trunk/axis
superior mesenteric artery (SMA)
inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)

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8
Q

gastro-omental artery is also called

A

gastroepiploic

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9
Q

gastro-omental artery is occasionally used for

A

coronary artery bypass

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10
Q

lymph nodes of the stomach all drain to

A

celiac lymph nodes

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11
Q

nerves to stomach

A

sympathetic greater splanchnic (T5-T9)

parasympathetic vagus nerve

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12
Q

two types of hiatal hernia

A

paraesophageal and sliding

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13
Q

most common hiatal hernia

A

sliding hiatal

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14
Q

pain from gastric or peptic ulcer is referred to as …

A

epigastric region pain.

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15
Q

pain from epigastric region is

A

T7 T8

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16
Q

duodenum is divided by 4 parts

A

superior L1, descending L2, horizontal L3, ascending L3-L4

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17
Q

common bile duct and main pancreatic duct join together to form…

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla or Ampulla of Vater

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18
Q

inside the opening of hepatopancreatic ampulla forms the

A

major duodenal papilla

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19
Q

ligament of Treitz

A

marks the end of the duodenum and beginning of the jejunum

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20
Q

inside the duodenum: inside the lumen …

A

plicae circularies
major duodenal papilla
minor duodenal papilla

21
Q

posteromedial wall …is surrounded by the

A 
heptaopancreatic ampulla (a space)
hepatopancreatic sphincter (sphincter of oddi, smooth muscle)
22
Q

peptic ulcers are caused by

A

erosion of gastroduodenal artery

23
Q

if there is an irritation of diaphragm the referred pain is where?

A

upper right shoulder

24
Q

jejunum is mostly to the ….quadrant

A

upper left

25
Q

ileum is mostly to the… quadrant

A

lower right

26
Q

wall of jejunum

wall of ileum

A

thick and heavy

thin and light

27
Q

vasa recta size in jejunum

vasa recta size of in ileum

A

long

short

28
Q

arcades has…in jejunum

arcades has…in ileum

A

few large loops

many short loops

29
Q

circular folds are in jejunum

circular folds are in ileum

A

large, tall and closely packed

low and sparse; absent in distal part

30
Q

jejunum has …plicae, deeper folds

A

many

31
Q

ileum have …plicae, smoother wall

A

few

32
Q

jejunum shows up … on imaging

A

speckled

33
Q

ileum shows up as on image

A

smooth

34
Q

what gives off to the left 15-18 branches of mesenteric arteries to both jejunum and ileum?

A

superior mesenteric artery

35
Q

ileal (Meckel’s) Diverticulum rules of 2

A

2 % of population, 2” long, ~2ft. proximal from ileocecal junction and 2 ectopic tissue and occurs in children under 2 years old

36
Q

intussusception

A

can cut off the blood supply to intestine

37
Q

small intestine referred pain

A

T10

paraumbilical

38
Q

omental or epiploic appendices are ….on large intestine.

A

large intestine

39
Q

what are three longitudinal muscle bands not present in appendix and rectum but in large intestine?

A

taenia coli

40
Q

haustra-saccular protrusions are …

A

between transverse folds

41
Q

cecum is

A

intraperitoneal

42
Q

ascending colon is

A

retroperitoneal

43
Q

transverse colon is

A

intraperitoneal

44
Q

descending colon is

A

retroperitoneal

45
Q

sigmoid colon is

A

intraperitoneal

46
Q

rectum and anal canal are

A

retroperitoneal

47
Q

what is the most common form responsible of all intestinal obstructions? second?

A

sigmoid volvulus

cecum

48
Q

diverticulosis is in ..% of sigmoid colon

A

60

Advanced Anatomy (38 decks)

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