GI tract Organs I Flashcards
three constrictions of the esophagus?
cervical, thoracic, diaphragmatic
where is the esophagogastric junction
T10
Where does the vagus nerve penetrate diaphragm?
T10
lower esophagus has …to systemic veins via the …. and to the liver via …vein.
dual venous drainages
azygos vein system
hepatic portal vein
during …most venous blood flows through lower esophageal region toward azygos veins causing esophageal varices.
portal hypertension
if patients vomit fresh blood it …
hasnt been exposed to stomach acid
3 non paired arteries of the abdomen
celiac trunk/axis
superior mesenteric artery (SMA)
inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)
gastro-omental artery is also called
gastroepiploic
gastro-omental artery is occasionally used for
coronary artery bypass
lymph nodes of the stomach all drain to
celiac lymph nodes
nerves to stomach
sympathetic greater splanchnic (T5-T9)
parasympathetic vagus nerve
two types of hiatal hernia
paraesophageal and sliding
most common hiatal hernia
sliding hiatal
pain from gastric or peptic ulcer is referred to as …
epigastric region pain.
pain from epigastric region is
T7 T8
duodenum is divided by 4 parts
superior L1, descending L2, horizontal L3, ascending L3-L4
common bile duct and main pancreatic duct join together to form…
hepatopancreatic ampulla or Ampulla of Vater
inside the opening of hepatopancreatic ampulla forms the
major duodenal papilla
ligament of Treitz
marks the end of the duodenum and beginning of the jejunum
inside the duodenum: inside the lumen …
plicae circularies
major duodenal papilla
minor duodenal papilla
posteromedial wall …is surrounded by the
heptaopancreatic ampulla (a space) hepatopancreatic sphincter (sphincter of oddi, smooth muscle)
peptic ulcers are caused by
erosion of gastroduodenal artery
if there is an irritation of diaphragm the referred pain is where?
upper right shoulder
jejunum is mostly to the ….quadrant
upper left
ileum is mostly to the… quadrant
lower right
wall of jejunum
wall of ileum
thick and heavy
thin and light
vasa recta size in jejunum
vasa recta size of in ileum
long
short
arcades has…in jejunum
arcades has…in ileum
few large loops
many short loops
circular folds are in jejunum
circular folds are in ileum
large, tall and closely packed
low and sparse; absent in distal part
jejunum has …plicae, deeper folds
many
ileum have …plicae, smoother wall
few
jejunum shows up … on imaging
speckled
ileum shows up as on image
smooth
what gives off to the left 15-18 branches of mesenteric arteries to both jejunum and ileum?
superior mesenteric artery
ileal (Meckel’s) Diverticulum rules of 2
2 % of population, 2” long, ~2ft. proximal from ileocecal junction and 2 ectopic tissue and occurs in children under 2 years old
intussusception
can cut off the blood supply to intestine
small intestine referred pain
T10
paraumbilical
omental or epiploic appendices are ….on large intestine.
large intestine
what are three longitudinal muscle bands not present in appendix and rectum but in large intestine?
taenia coli
haustra-saccular protrusions are …
between transverse folds
cecum is
intraperitoneal
ascending colon is
retroperitoneal
transverse colon is
intraperitoneal
descending colon is
retroperitoneal
sigmoid colon is
intraperitoneal
rectum and anal canal are
retroperitoneal
what is the most common form responsible of all intestinal obstructions? second?
sigmoid volvulus
cecum
diverticulosis is in ..% of sigmoid colon
60
