Eye Flashcards
Where do tears accumulate?
lacrimal caruncle
Lacrimal gland is mainly controlled by parasympathetics from
CN VII (facial)
Eyelashes have two glands
sebaceous (of Zeis) apocrine sweat (of Moll)
The …. forms each eyelid
tarsal plate
Tarsal plate glands
tarsal glands or Meibomian
Tears consist of 3 layers
lipid layer from Meibomian
aqueous layer from lacrimal glands
mucous layer from conjunctival goblet cells
Sty
sebaceous glands are blocked
Chalazion
blockage of tarsal glands
2 major eyelid muscles and 1 minor
levator palpebrae superioris
superior tarsal
frontalis
Levator palpbrae superioris function
main elevator of eyelid
Superior tarsal function
sympathetic innervation to upper eyelide
Frontalis muscle function
minor in a raising eyelid
One muscle closes the eyelids
orbicularis oculi muscle
At the apex of the orbit is the …
superior orbital fissure
The superior orbital fissure transmits the following structures into the orbit
oculomotor trochlear ophthalmic division of CN V1 abducens superior ophthalmic vein
Optic canal transmits the … and … off the internal carotid artery.
optic CN II and ophthalmic artery
Exophthalmos
slight protrusion of eyes from Graves’ disease or hyperthyroidism
Four rectus muscles arise from ….
common tendinous ring
The superior oblique muscle runs through a
pulley
Oculomotor nerve innervates all the extraocular eye muscles except
lateral rectus and superior oblique
Lateral rectus muscle is innervated by…
Superior oblique?
CN VI
CN IV
Layers of eye
sclera
choroid
retina
Cornea is
in sclera
Iris contains two muscles
dilator muscle
sphincter muscle
Dilator muscle in iris is .. and sphincter muscle is…
sympathetic
parasympathetic
Lens is connected to the posterior chamber by
zonules or suspensory ligament of lens
Ciliary muscle is innervated by… in …
parasympathetics in CN III
Presbyopia
lens elasticity with age
Arteries of the eye
ophthalmic
posterior ciliary
central retinal
Papilledema
caused by excessive CSF pressure which causes the optic disc to swell and bleed
Fundus during HBP
arteries become swollen and restrict venous return called venous nicking
Branches off ophthalmic
supratrochlear
supraorbital
Veins of orbit
superior and inferior ophthalmic vein
Long ciliary nerve carries
pain and sympathetics
Short ciliary nerve carries
parasympathetics and sympathetics
Horners syndrome
Associated with tumor of the lung.
Ptsosis, miosis, anhidrosis
