Cerebral Cortex and Cerebellum Flashcards
The corpus callosum serves to integrate the activity of the…. and permits communication with each other.
two hemispheres
The corpus callosum is the … of the interhemispheric commissures and is largely responsible for coordinating the … of the two cerebral hemispheres.
largest
activities
The frontal lobe contains the …. and ….
motor cortex and the frontal association areas.
The precentral sulcus lies anterior to the …
precentral gyrus
Prefrontal cortex involves
judgment, reasoning, initiative, higher order social behavior and similar functions.
Superior frontal gyrus is involved with the … and …
sensory system and laughter
Function of the middle gyrus includes
judgment and organization
Broca’s area is involved in …
speech language production
Damage to the Broca’s area produces..
broken speech
Parietal lobe damage is most often in what pathology?
stroke
Occipital lobe is the … center of the brain.
vision processing
The primary visual cortex is on each side of the ….
calcarine fissure
The secondary or association of the visual cortex is in the …
occipital and parietal cortex
Lateral cerebral fissure is in the ….lobe.
temporal
The lateral surface of the temporal lob is divided into three parts…
superior temporal gyrus
middle temporal gyrus
inferior temporal gyrus
The temporal lobe is involved in …. and is home to the ….
auditory perception
primary auditory cortex
The temporal lobe also contains
hippocampus
The left temporal lobe and part of the parietal lobe has … which is essential for speech.
Wernicke’s area
The most damage occurs where in a TBI, stroke and encephalitis?
temporal lobe
People with Wernicke’s aphasia are unable to
understand language in its written or spoken form
Premotor cortex …
receives and processes sensory information
The frontal eye field helps …
control voluntary eye movements
Functions of the cerebellum…
Controls equilibrium and muscle tone; coordinates voluntary movements; fine tune motor activity; attention and language; fear and pleasure response; anticipatory behaviors
Parts of the cerebellar homunculi
vermis
hemispheres
floccular lobe
Vermis part of the cerebellar homunculi controls
truck
Hemispheres part of the cerebellar homunculi controls
ipsilateral limbs
Floccular lobe of the cerebellar homunculi controls…
eye movements and balance
Two parts of the spinocerebellar tracts:
dorsal/posterior
ventral/anterior
Dorsal spinocerebellar tract is for..
unconscious proprioception of ipsilateral body and leg
two neurons stay on the same side of the body
Ventral spinocerebellar tract is for..
unconscious proprioception of ipsilateral body and leg
Each cerebellar hemisphere regulates…
ipsilateral muscles
Hypotonia
diminished muscle tone
Classic signs of cerebellar dysfunction
ataxia
dysmetria
intention tremor
dysdiadochokinesis
Ataxia
loss of coordinated muscle movements during tasks
Dysmetria
impaired coordination of multiple muscle groups during complex movement
Intention tremor
tremors only during voluntary movement and they become worse when reaching for something
Dysdiadochokinesis
inability or difficulty making rapidly alternating movements
