ANS Flashcards
Two parts of the ANS…
sympathetic and parasympathetic
The two parts of the ANS: sympathetic and parasympathetic and their nerve tracts
thoracolumbar
craniosacral
Three sympathetic chain ganglia in the neck:
superior cervical ganglia
middle cervical ganglia
inferior cervical ganglia
Superior cervical ganglia is the ….
largest
Middle cervical ganglia is the…
smallest
Inferior cervical ganglia is sometimes fused with 1st thoracic ganglia and then called…
stellate ganglia
Reticular formation plays a crucial role in maintaining …
behavioral arousal and consciousness
Overall functions of the reticular formation?
cardio control, pain modulation, sleep, consciousness and habituation
Disorders of the ANS
autonomic dysreflexia: exaggerated autonomic reflexes like increases in BP
SIDS
Horner’s syndrome
Sympathetic innervation causes … of pupil.
dilation
Miosis
constriction of the pupil
Ptosis
dropping of the upper eyelid
Signs of Horner’s syndrome?
miosis, ptosis, anhidrosis
What centers play a role in the control of the ANS?
cerebral cortex
limbic system
hypothalamus
Hypothalamus helps control
digestion, HR, sweating
What is Horner’s syndrome caused by?
loss of sympathetic innervation of the head
Afferent information often travels with the … nerves in the thorax and abdomen and with …. nerves in pelvic regions.
sympathetic
parasympathetic
Parasympathetic system is responsible for ….
rest and digest: sexual arousal, salivation, lacrimation, urination, digestion, and defecation
Parasympathetic division (craniosacral) tends to have …. preganglionic nerves and …. postganglionic nerves.
long preganglionic
short postganglionic
The preganglionic nerves release…which acts on the ….receptors of postganglionic neurons.
ACh
nicotinic
The postganglionic nerves release ACh to stimulate the … receptors of the target organ.
muscarinic
Parasympathetic functions are with 4 cranial nerves
;
CNIII oculomotor
CNVII facial
CN IX glossopharyngeal
CN X vagus
CNIII oculomotor nerve comes from … nucleus and causes….
Edinger-Westphal nucleus
constriction of pupil and contraction of ciliary muscle
CN VII facial nerve comes from … and causes…
superior salivatory nucleus
secretion from lacrimal gland, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
CNIX glossopharyngeal nerve comes from… and causes…
inferior salivatory nucleus
secretion of parotid salivary gland
CN X vagus nerve comes from… and causes
dorsal nucleus of vagus
cardiac, lung and GI functions
Cranial brain stem nuclei locations: midbrain (2)
pons (4)
medulla (4)
midbrain: III, IV
pons: VI, VII, VIII
medulla: V, IX, X, XII
Parasympathetic visceral motor nerves of the head
Oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus
Ganglion of oculomotor nerve (CNIII)
ciliary
Ganglion of facial nerve (VII)
pterygopalatine
submandibular
Ganglion of glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
otic
There are four parasympathetic ganglia hanging off branches of the .. nerve with post-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers passing in the same epinerium with branches of the … nerve to their final destination.
trigeminal (CN V)
