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Advanced Anatomy > Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

Brachial plexus is from what vertebral levels?

A

C5-T1

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2
Q

The brachial plexus carries nerve fibers from which system only?

A

sympathetic

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3
Q

5 sections of brachial plexus

A 
roots
trunks
divisions
cords
terminal branches
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4
Q

How many roots in the brachial plexus?

A

5

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5
Q

How many trunks in the brachial plexus?

A

3

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6
Q

How many divisions in the brachial plexus?

A

6

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7
Q

How many cords in the brachial plexus?

A

3

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8
Q

How many terminal branches in the brachial plexus?

A

5

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9
Q

Brachial plexus roots travel between … muscles.

A

anterior and middle scalene

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10
Q

Brachial plexus cords travel under…

A

clavicle

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11
Q

Brachial plexus cords wrap around …

A

axillary artery

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12
Q

Brachial plexus terminal branches create an

A

axilla

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13
Q

The 5 roots of the brachial plexus give out three nerves

A

dorsal scapular nerve
phrenic
long thoracic

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14
Q

What prevents wings to heaven?

A

C5, 6, 7

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15
Q

The superior trunk of the brachial plexus gives out two nerves

A

Suprascapular

subclavius

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16
Q

3 trunks

A

superior, middle, inferior

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17
Q

The suprascapular artery runs … and the nerve runs …. the superior transverse scapular ligament.

A

above

under

18
Q

3 cords of the brachial plexus

A

lateral
medial
posterior

19
Q

The cords location and names are named for their relationship to…

A

axillary artery

20
Q

Medial cord has what three branches?

A

medial pectoral nerve
medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm

21
Q

Posterior cord’s three branches

A

upper subscapular nerve
thoracodorsal nerve
lower subscapular nerve

22
Q

5 terminal branches of the brachial plexus

A 
musculocutaneous
axillary
median
radial
ulnar
23
Q

What can cause damage to the axillary nerve?

A

fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus

24
Q

How do you test injury to the axillary nerve?

A

by abduction of the shoulder joint beyond the first 15 degrees

25
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve innervates …

A

coracobrachialis
biceps
brachialis

26
Q

Radial nerve innervates

A

all the posterior and forearm muscles

27
Q

If the humerus is fractured at the radial groove what can be damaged?

A

radial nerve and deep arm vessels

28
Q

If the humerus is fractured at the medial epicondyle what can be damaged?

A

ulnar nerve

29
Q

If there is a radial nerve injury what happens?

A

loss of elbow extension and extensor muscles of the wrist and digits are affected

30
Q

Saturday night palsy

A

radial neuropathy

31
Q

Median nerve innervates

A

all anterior compartment muscles of forearm except 1.5 muscles

32
Q

What muscles does the ulnar nerve innervate?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris and the ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus muscles

33
Q

The ulnar nerve mainly innervates…

A

the hand

34
Q

Vertebral levels and their respective nerve roots/terminal branches: C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

A

C5, C6: axillary
C5, C6, C7: musculocautaneous
C8, T1: ulnar
all: median and radial

35
Q

Brachial plexus injuries: Erb’s palsy

A

superior part injury: C5, 6

36
Q

Brachial plexus injuries: Klumpke’s palsy

A

inferior part injury: C8, T1

37
Q

Typical causes of Erb’s palsy?

A

falling with shoulder on ground and shoulder dystocia

38
Q

What is shoulder dystocia?

A

delivery of baby where head is excessively pulled on and breaks away from brachial plexus because baby’s head was stuck in birth canal

39
Q

Most commonly involved nerves in Erb’s palsy:

A

suprascapular
musculocutaneous
axillary

40
Q

Muscle paralysis of Erb’s palsy?

A 
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
deltoid
biceps
brachialis
brachioradialis
41
Q

Backpackers palsy is caused by …. and results in…

A

compression of suprascapular nerve

atrophy of supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles

Advanced Anatomy (38 decks)

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