Untitled spreadsheet - Sheet1

Question 1

Alfred Anderson, a World War I veteran was apparently the last survivor of what?

Answer 1

the famous Christmas truce of 1914, when British and German soldiers, enemies on the battlefield of that war, briefly mingled, exchanged gifts, etc.

Question 2

What did Otto Von Bismarck what Germany to seek?

Answer 2

its “place in the sun”

Question 3

After the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, what had generally maintained the peace among Europe’s major countries?

Answer 3

a fragile and fluctuating balance of power

Question 4

Who was apart of the Triple Alliance?

Answer 4

Germany, Italy, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire

Question 5

Who was apart of the Triple Entente?

Answer 5

Russia, France, and Britain

Question 6

On June 28, 1914, what person, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, did a Serbian nationalist assassinate?

Answer 6

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Question 7

What was one factor that contributed to the eruption of World War I?

Answer 7

the mounting popular nationalism, slavic nationalism and Austro-Hungarian opposition to it

Question 8

Another factor that contributed to war was the rulers of the major countries of Europe who saw the world as what?

Answer 8

As an arena of conflict and competition among rival nation-states, where they competed intensely for colonies, influence, and superiority

Question 9

What were British women encouraged to present to men not in uniform, thus affirming a warrior understanding of masculinity?

Answer 9

a white feather, a symbol of cowardice

Question 10

What also contributed to the outbreak of war was __________ ___________. Europe’s armed rivalries had long ensured that military men enjoyed great social prestige.

Answer 10

industrialized militarism

Question 11

What did Britain rely on to staff their armies?

Answer 11

conscription (compulsory military service)

Question 12

The rapid industrialization of warfare had generated an array of what military weapons?

Answer 12

submarines, tanks, (Red Baron, Snoopy)airplanes, poison gas (phosgene), machine guns, artillery and cannons(shell shock) and barbed wire

Question 13

What battles in France lasted months and generated casualties of a million or more each?

Answer 13

Verdun and Somme

Question 14

What German veteran wrote, “All Quiet on the Western Front?”

Answer 14

Erich Maria Remarque

Question 15

After the war, many veterans had a hard time adjusting to civilian life because of what?

Answer 15

post-traumatic stress

Question 16

French authorities proclaimed what new holiday, designed to encourage childbearing and thus replace the millions lost in the war?

Answer 16

Mother’s Day

Question 17

Young middle-class women called what began to flout convention by smoking, dancing, appearing at nightclubs, drinking hard liquor, cutting their hair short, revealing clothing, etc.?

Answer 17

flappers

Question 18

What music genre came from America and found popularity in Europe and who was the most famous singer in this genre?

Answer 18

American Jazz with Louis Armstrong(Satchmo) as the most popular

Question 19

Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Yugoslavia as well as other newly independent nations were based on what principle?

Answer 19

national self-determination - a concept championed by Woodrow Wilson

Question 20

In Russia, the strains of war triggered a vast revolutionary upheaval that brought who to power in 1917 and took Russia out of the war?

Answer 20

Bolsheviks

Question 21

What formally concluded the Great War in 1919, proved in retrospect to have established conditions that contributed to a second world war?

Answer 21

the Treaty of Versailles

Question 22

In the Treaty of Versailles what did it state for Germany?

Answer 22

loss of its colonial empire and 15 percent of its European territory, heavy reparations to the winners, and accept sole responsibility for the outbreak of the war

Question 23

What person in Germany led to get vengeance for the embarrassment in the previous war?

Answer 23

Adolf Hitler

Question 24

Who stated, “After all, who remembers the Armenians.”

Answer 24

Adolf Hitler talking about the Armenian Genocide

Question 25

American president Woodrow Wilson arrived in Paris for the peace conference in 1919, and stated his famous what which seemed to herald a new kind of international life, one based on moral principles?

Answer 25

Fourteen Points

Question 26

Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points appealing to many was his idea for what?

Answer 26

the League of Nations, a new international peacekeeping organization committed to the principle of “collective security”

Question 27

What day did the American stock market initially crash, in addition how many Wall Street financiers committed suicide?

Answer 27

October 24, 1929; eleven

Question 28

After the American stock market crashed how much did world trade drop by?

Answer 28

62 percent

Question 29

Unemployment soared everywhere, and in both Germany and the United States it reached what percentage or more by 1932?

Answer 29

30 percent

Question 30

Why did the stock market crash?

Answer 30

by the end of the 1920s, American farms and factories were producing more goods than could be sold meaning that people could not afford to buy the products that American factories were churning out

Question 31

What is another name referring to the Stock Market in late 1929?

Answer 31

the “bubble” bursting

Question 32

What countries or colonies were hit the hardest by the stock market crash in America?

Answer 32

ones tied to exporting one or two products were hit hard

Question 33

What did import substitution industrialization policies hope to achieve?

Answer 33

greater economic independence by manufacturing for the domestic market goods that had previously been imported (Brazil)

Question 34

In Brazil the Depression discredited the established export elites such as coffee growers and led to the dictatorship of who supported by the military?

Answer 34

Getulio Vargas

Question 35

Depression opened the way to a revival of the principles of the Mexican Revolution under the leadership of who, where he pushed land reform and favored Mexican workers and nationalized an oil industry?

Answer 35

Lazaro Cardenas

Question 36

IN the Soviet Union how was unemployment in the 1930s?

Answer 36

generated an impressive economic growth with almost no unemployment even as the capitalist world was reeling

Question 37

How did the United States respond to the Great Depression?

Answer 37

President Franklin Rosevelt’s New Deal - an experimental combination of reforms seeking to restart economic growth and prevent similar calamities in the future

Question 38

Who argued that government actions and spending programs could moderate the recessions and depressions to which capitalist economies were prone?

Answer 38

John Maynard Keynes

Question 39

What were the New Deal’s long-term reforms?

Answer 39

Social Security system, minimum wage, and various relief and welfare programs

Question 40

In the 1920s and 1930s however, the challenge to the victors of the Great War came from highly authoritarian, intensely nationalistic, territorially aggressive, and ferociously anti communist regimes from where?

Answer 40

Italy, Germany, and Japan (Axis Powers)(Fascism)

Question 41

What did Fascists condemn?

Answer 41

individualism, liberalism, feminism, parliamentary democracy, and communism

Question 42

Where did the fascist alternative first take shape?

Answer 42

Italy

Question 43

Who was a charismatic orator and former journalist with socialist background and with the help of a private army of veterans and jobless men known as Black Shirts, swept to power in Italy in 1922?

Answer 43

Benito Mussolini

Question 44

What symbolized the movement of the fascists?

Answer 44

fasces, a bundle of birch rods bound together around an axe

Question 45

German expression of fascism took shape as the Nazi Party under the leadership of what person?

Answer 45

Adolf Hitler

Question 46

Mussolini embraced the Catholic culture of Italy in a series of agreements with the Church known as what?

Answer 46

the Lateran Accords of 1929 - which made the Vatican a sovereign state and Catholicism Italy’s national religion

Question 47

Nationalists were delighted when Italy invaded who in 1935 at Abyssinia, avenging the embarrassing defeat that Italians suffered at the hands of them in 1896, Adowa?

Answer 47

Ethiopia

Question 48

In Mussolini’s Italy what took shape in which workers, employers, and various professional groups were organized into them and were supposed to settle their disagreements under the supervision of the state?

Answer 48

corporate state

Question 49

After World War I, the German imperial government collapsed and what new government came to power and worked to negotiate a peace settlement with the victorious allies?

Answer 49

Weimar Republic

Question 50

In postwar Italy, political leaders faced considerable hostility from Paramilitary groups of veterans known as what who assassinated hundreds of supporters of the Weimar regime?

Answer 50

Freikorps

Question 51

What played a role in the rise of the Nazis, which occured around the 1930s?

Answer 51

the Great Depression and ruinous inflation which ruined the Weimar Republic

Question 52

Adolf Hitler’s National Socialist, or Nazi, Party gained growing public support, and in the wake of the Depression, the Nazis attracted what percentage of the vote?

Answer 52

37 percent

Question 53

In 1933, Hitler was legally installed as what of the German government, thus the Weimar Republic gave way to the Third Reich?

Answer 53

chancellor

Question 54

Hitler working to get Germany out of the depression drove down the number of unemployed Germans from 6.2 million in 1932 to fewer than what in 1937?

Answer 54

500,000

Question 55

In what book, written by Hitler, he outlined his case against the Jews and his call for the racial purification of Germany in vitriolic terms?

Answer 55

Mein Kampf (My Struggle)

Question 56

How did the Nazi program differ from the one in Italy?

Answer 56

a program of anti-Semitism which persecuted the Jews

Question 57

What law from Hitler in 1935, ended German citizenship for Jews and forbade marriage or sexual relations between Jews and Germans?

Answer 57

Nuremberg Laws

Question 58

On the night of November 9, 1938, known as what, persecution gave way to terror when Nazis smashed and looted Jewish shops?

Answer 58

Kristallnacht

Question 59

What did Nazis want for women?

Answer 59

wanted to limit women largely to the home, removing them from the paid workforce

Question 60

What did fascist regimes in both Italy and Germany generally opposed what to produce more children for the state?

Answer 60

abortion, contraception, family planning, and sex education, all of which associated with feminist thinking

Question 61

In Nazi rule, Hitler was the mystical leader, known as what, a mesmerizing orator who would lead Germany to national greatness?

Answer 61

the Fuhrer

Question 62

How was Japan’s fascism different from that of Italy and Germany?

Answer 62

the lacked a charismatic leader and were not as murderous to their opponents