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Anatomy > Unit Three: The Skull and Face > Flashcards

Unit Three: The Skull and Face Flashcards

1
Q

What is the auricular region?

A

The ear.

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2
Q

What is the nuchal region?

A

Back of the neck.

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3
Q

What is the infraorbital region?

A

Below the eye.

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4
Q

Where is the mental region?

A

Chin.

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5
Q

What three regions can the neck be divided into?

A
  1. Anterior. 2. Posterior. 3. Lateral.
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6
Q

What bone does the tongue and muscles for swallowing attach to?

A

Hyoid bone.

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7
Q

Where is the hyoid?

A

Between the mandible and larynx.

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8
Q

What are the unpaired cranial bones? (4)

A
  1. Ethmoid. 2. Frontal. 3. Occipital. 4. Sphenoid.
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9
Q

What are the paired cranial bones? (2)

A
  1. Parietal. 2. Temporal.
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10
Q

What are the unpaired facial bones? (2)

A
  1. Vomer. 2. Mandible.
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11
Q

What are the paired facial bones? (6)

A
  1. Maxillae. 2. Nasal. 3. Lacrimal. 4. Zygomatic. 5. Palatine bones. 6. Inferior nasal conchae.
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12
Q

What are the four main cranial sutures?

A
  1. Coronal. 2. Lamboid. 3. Sagittal. 4. Squamous.
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13
Q

What are fontanelles?

A

Flexible areas of dense regular connective tissue that connect the bones of the infant skull.

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14
Q

What nerve(s) and arteries pass through the supra-orbital foramen in the frontal bone? (2)

A
  1. Supra-orbital nerve (branch of V). 2. Supra-orbital artery.
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15
Q

What nerve(s) and arteries pass through the optic canal in the sphenoid bone? (2)

A
  1. Optic nerve (II). 2. Opthalmic artery.
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16
Q

What nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure in the sphenoid bone? (4)

A
  1. Occulomotor nerve (III). 2. Trochlear nerve (IV). 3. Opthalmic nerve (V). 4. Abducens nerve (VI).
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17
Q

What nerve passes through the inferior orbital fissure in the sphenoid bone?

A

Maxillary nerve (V2).

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18
Q

What nerves pass through the zygomaticofacial foramen in the zygomatic bone? (2)

A
  1. Zygomaticofacial nerve. 2. Sensory branch of the maxillary nerve from cheek.
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19
Q

What nerve and artery passes through the infra-orbital foramen in the maxilla? (2)

A
  1. Infra-orbital nerve, branch of the maxilla nerve (V). 2. Infra-orbital artery.
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20
Q

What nerve and artery pass through the mental foramen in the mandible? (2)

A
  1. Mental nerve, branch of mandibular nerve (V). 2. Mental vessels.
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21
Q

What nerve(s) and arteries pass through the incisive fossa in the maxilla? (2)

A
  1. Nasopalatine nerves. 2. Small arteries to the palate.
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22
Q

What nerve passes through the greater palatine foramen in the palatine bone?

A

Anterior palatine nerve.

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23
Q

What nerve passes through the foramen ovale in the sphenoid bone?

A

Mandibular nerve (V3).

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24
Q

What artery and tube pass through the foramen lacerum in the sphenoid bone?

A
  1. Internal carotid artery after leaving carotid canal. 2. Auditory tube.
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25
Q

What artery passes through the carotid canal in the temporal bone?

A

Internal carotid artery.

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26
Q

What nerve passes through the stylomastoid foramen in the temporal bone?

A

Facial nerve (V)

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27
Q

What structure, nerve, and artery pass through the foramen magnum in the occipital bone?

A
  1. Medulla oblongata (most caudal portion of brain). 2. Accessory nerves (XI). 3. Vertebral arteries.
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28
Q

What nerves pass through the jugular foramen in the occipital bone? (3)

A
  1. Glossopharyngeal (IX). 2. Vagus (X). 3. Accessory nerves (XI).
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29
Q

What nerves pass through the olfactory foramina in the ethmoid?

A

Olfactory nerves (I).

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30
Q

What nerve and artery pass through the optic canal in the sphenoid?

A
  1. Optic nerve (II). 2. Opthalmic artery.
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31
Q

What nerve passes through the foramen rotundum?

A

Maxillary nerve (V2).

32
Q

What nervespass through the internal acoustic meatus? (2)

A
  1. Facial nerve (VII). 2. Vestibulocochlear nerves (VIII).
33
Q

What bones form the outer rim of the orbit? (3)

A
  1. Frontal. 2. Zygomatic. 3. Maxilla.
34
Q

What bones the superior margin of the orbit? (2)

A
  1. Sphenoid. 2. Frontal.
35
Q

What bones form the inferior margin of the orbit? (3)

A
  1. Zygomatic. 2. Maxilla. 3. Palatine.
36
Q

What bones form the medial margin of the orbit? (4)

A
  1. Sphenoid. 2. Lacrimal. 3. Ethmoid. 4. Maxilla.
37
Q

What bones form the lateral margin of the orbit? (2)

A
  1. Sphenoid. 2. Zygomatic.
38
Q

What nerve passes through the cribriform plate (cribriform formina) in the ethmoid?

A

Cranial nerve I.

39
Q

What nerve passes through the hypoglossal canal of the occipital bone?

A

Cranial nerve XII.

40
Q

What structures are within the anterior cranial fossa? (3)

A
  1. Frontal lobes. 2. Olfactory bulb. 3. Olfactory tract.
41
Q

What structures are within the middle cranial fossa? (2)

A
  1. Temporal lobes. 2. Pituitary gland.
42
Q

What structure is within the posterior cranial fossa?

A

Cerebellum.

43
Q

What are the three parts of the ethmoid bone?

A
  1. Cribriform plate. 2. Ethmoidal labyrinth. 3. Perpendicular plate.
44
Q

What structures are within the occiptal bone? (2)

A
  1. Hypoglossal canal. 2. Foramen magnum.
45
Q

What structures are within the sphenoid bone? (2)

A
  1. Optic canal. 2. Superior orbital fissure.
46
Q

What structures are within the temporal bone? (2)

A
  1. Carotid canal. 2. Internal acoustic meatus.
47
Q

Where does the temporalis muscles attach on the mandible?

A

At the coronoid process.

48
Q

What part of the mandible surrounds and supports the lower teeth?

A

The alveolar processes.

49
Q

Where does the mandible articulate with the mandibular fossa at the temporomadibular joint?

A

At the head of the mandible.

50
Q

What is the function of the alveolar processes of the maxillae?

A

To contain the upper teeth.

51
Q

What are the largest sinuses in the skull?

A

The maxillary sinuses.

52
Q

What is the function of the maxillary sinuses?

A

To produce mucous that flushes the interior surfaces of the nasal cavity.

53
Q

What are maxillary sinuses lined with?

A

A mucous membrane. Respiratory epithelium.

54
Q

What is the function of the palatine bones?

A

To articulate with the maxillae to form the posterior portion of the bony palate.

55
Q

What forms the zygomatic arch?

A

The temporal process of the zygomatic bone articulating with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone.

56
Q

What is the lambdoid suture?

A

Synarthrotic articulation between the parietal and occipital bones of the cranium.

57
Q

Where is the sagittal suture?

A

It begins at the superior midline of the lambdoid suture and extends anteriorly between the parietal bones to the coronal suture.

58
Q

Where is the coronal suture?

A

It crosses the superior surface of the skull, joining the anterior frontal bone to the posterior parietal bones.

59
Q

Where is the squamous suture?

A

It marks the boundary between the temporal bone and the parietal bone of that side.

60
Q

What is the pterion? Where is it located?

A

The region where the frontal, parietal, temporal, and sphenoid bones join together. It is located on the side of the skull, just behind the temple.

61
Q

What forms the anterior cranial fossa? (3)

A
  1. The frontal bone. 2. Ethmoid. 3. Lesser wings of the sphenoid.
62
Q

What do cranial fossa do?

A

Supports each part of the brain.

63
Q

What forms the middle cranial fossa? (3)

A
  1. Sphenoid. 2. Temporal. 3. Parietal.
64
Q

What forms the posterior cranial fossa? (3)

A
  1. Occiptal bone (primarily). 2. Temporal. 3. Parietal.
65
Q

What artery supplies the tongue?

A

The lingual artery.

66
Q

What artery supplies the anterior face?

A

Facial artery.

67
Q

What artery supplies the posterior scalp?

A

The posterior auricular.

68
Q

What arteries supplying the face branch off of the external carotid? (7)

A
  1. Superior thyroid. 2. Lingual. 3. Facial. 4. Posterior auricular. 5. Occipital. 6. Maxillary. 7. Superficial temporal.
69
Q

What artery supplies the scalp?

A

The superior temporal.

70
Q

What does the right brachiocephalic trunk branch into? (2)

A
  1. Right Subclavian. 2. Right Common Carotid.
71
Q

What does the left subclavian and left common carotid branch off of?

A

The ascending aorta.

72
Q

What artery supplies the cheeks, muscles of mastication, teeth, and nasal cavity?

A

Maxillary.

73
Q

What are the three primary veins that drain the head and the neck?

A
  1. Internal jugular. 2. External jugular. 3. Vertebral.
74
Q

What vein drains the majority of the brain?

A

The internal jugular.

75
Q

What vein drains the superficial skull?

A

External jugular.

76
Q

What does the mental protuberance form?

A

The chin.

77
Q

What is the function of the corrugator supercilii?

A

Wrinkles forehead.

Anatomy (38 decks)

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